structural analysis

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55 Terms

1
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need to understand the

mechanical properties of the body tissues

2
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what is the force applied to deform a structure called?

stress

3
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what is the resulting deformation of a stress fracture called?

a strain

4
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tension is

pulling ends apart

5
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compression is

pushing together

6
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shear is

perpendicular

7
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how materials change with

age

8
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how materials react to different

force applications

9
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how materials react to a

withdrawl of stress

10
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stress curve is the

force applied perpendicular to a surface to deform a structure

11
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the stress curve force is per

unit area

12
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stress is measured in

N/m2 or pascals (Pa)

13
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↑ force =

↑ stress

14
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↑ area =

↓ stress

15
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stress =

force ÷ area

16
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a strain curve is a

deformation caused by applied stress

17
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strain =

the change of the length ÷ the original length

18
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L =

resting length

19
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elastic =

plastic basically

20
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elastic modules (k) =

slope of the stress/strain curve (stiffness of a material)

21
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yield =

the point where the slope decreases

22
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on average who has a thinner stress-strain curve?

females

23
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what is the elastic region?

the period before the yield

24
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what happens in the elastic region?

structure will return to original length without damage

25
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elastic modules

change shape more easily

26
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what is the plastic region?

the region after the yield point

27
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what happens in the plastic region?

materials are permanently damaged

28
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what is failure?

the force beyond plastic region, where stress falls to zero (whole thing falls apart)

29
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what is failure strength?

the maximum stress before failure

30
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what is the stress in failure strength?

a strain of failure strength

31
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what is failure strain?

peak strain reached prior to failure

32
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what is the safety factor?

the typical stress on structure ( 5-10x )

33
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what is residual strain?

the difference between original length and length resulting from stress into the plastic region

34
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plastic flow --->

the changed shape

35
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residual strain --->

the difference between the original length and the new length

36
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stored mechanical energy is

the area under the stress-strain curve

37
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ME =

1/2 (stress*strain)

38
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o' (with the little line on the top right) is

stress

39
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cursive E is

strain

40
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when applied force is removed

stored energy is released

41
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stored mechanical energy example is

like a spring, rubber band, or even a trampoline

42
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what are the five types of materials?

elastic

viscoelastic

brittle

stiff

compliant

43
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in the elastic region there is a

linear relationship between stress and strain

44
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what happens to the energy stored in the elastic region?

it is fully recovered

45
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what is viscoelastic?

the non-linear (viscous) relationship between stress and strain

46
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the elastic modules (slope) varies

depending on region

47
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what is the loading rate?

how quickly you pull on it

48
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magnitude of stress (in viscoelastic) is

dependent on loading rate

49
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hysteresis is

the energy lost in elastic material (what we loose)

50
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viscoelastic example is

a tendon or ligament

51
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brittle material has the

highest elastic modulus (slope)

52
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what material stores less energy than compliant?

brittle

53
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stiff material has a

high elastic modulus (slope)

54
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compliant material has a

low elastic modulus (slope)

55
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what material stores more energy than stiff material?

compliant