______ is the process by which the media help determine which political issues become part of the public debate.
agenda setting
_______ are members of a group who are empowered to elect or designate another person such as an elected official to act as their representative.
constituents
_____ is the power of the media to influence how events and issues are interpreted because the media provide the interpretive lens (or frame) through which the public hears about issues, political elites compete to have their “spin” on the issue become the dominate frame.
framing
_____ make policy-related appeals to government; they focus more on polices than on personnel of government.
special interest groups
political parties are more likely to influence ____, and interest groups are more likely to influence ____ of government.
personnel, policies
_____ occurs when media coverage affects which of many potential criteria the public uses when it evaluates political leaders.
priming
_______ is a system of political ideals.
political ideology
why are interest groups valuable to congressmen in the policy-making process?
information, money to campaigns, research and assistance in writing of bills
what are the 3 main factors that influence congress in their decision making?
constituents, interest groups, and political parties
winning election is the primary goal of _____
political parties
why do we have political parties?
facilitate collective action (form groups that will vote in certain ways)
facilitate policy making by forming alliance with others in the same party
deal with politicians’ ambition
for each statement/phrase, identify whether it’s referring to an education or advocacy perspective
campaign for an underrepresented group: advocacy
persuade: advocacy
research: education
values oriented: adovcacy
enlightened self-interest: education
family impact lens: both
advocacy with a ______ means explaining options in light of one’s own value system using a personal interpretation of the scientific evidence with the aim of promoting a single policy that is determined to be optimal for families.
capital “A”
t or f: because there is some overlap between education and advocacy approaches, it’s better for an individual to use both education and advocacy to influence policy.
false
if the house and the senate pass different versions of the same bill, the bill is referred to the _____ committee to reconcile the differences.
conference committee
which branch of government is responsible for establishing case law?
judicial
which court decised cases where there is a split of opinion among the courts of appeals of where there is an important constitutional question or issue of federal law that needs to be clarified?
supreme
which branch of government is responsible for creating statutes?
legislative
the US senate is the only chamber which can ______
confirm presidential nominations and approve treaties
t or f: a regulation has similar power to a law.
false
who comprises the President’s cabinet and what is the purpose?
the VP and the heads of the 15 executive departments. the purpose is to help counsel the president in relation to the duties of each branch.
what 3 options are available to the President in the legislative process?
the president signs the measure, the president doesn’t sign the measure into law within 10 days, or the president can veto the measure.
how does a bill become a law without the President’s signature?
if the president doesn’t sign within 10 days, congress is in session, the measure becomes a law.
if the president vetoes the measure, both chambers can override by a 2/3 majority vote.
once a measure (or bill) is introduced what happens to it next?
measure is referred to a committee
t or f: legislation should begin on the house side of the chamber.
false
the largest department/agency, in terms of personnel and budget, in the President’s cabinet is _____.
Department of Defense
_____ is the term typically used to identify both the US House of Representatives and the US Senate
bicameral legislative
______ the government agency tasked with improving living standards for all americans by promoting economic development and technological innovation.
department of commerce
what is the difference in a civil case and a criminla case?
civil cases primarily deal with people or organizations (private parties), whereas criminal cases more typically deal with acts against the city, state, county, or federal government.
which branch of government is responsible for carrying out the day-to-day operations of the government?
executive
a bill becomes a law once ______.
the president signs it