Wk. 2 - Care of Persons with Cancer Practice Questions

Which of the following is the most common cancer among men in the United States? a. Lung and bronchus b. Colon and rectum c. Prostate d. Bladder

C

What is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women in the U.S.? a. Breast cancer b. Colon and rectal cancer c. Lung and bronchus cancer d. Pancreatic cancer

C

A nurse is teaching a patient about primary cancer prevention. Which of the following should be included? (Select all that apply.) a. Avoiding tobacco use b. Regular cancer screenings c. Maintaining a healthy diet d. Receiving the HPV vaccine e. Taking chemotherapy medications

A,C,D

Which of the following are examples of secondary cancer prevention? (Select all that apply.) a. Mammograms b. Colonoscopies c. Smoking cessation d. PSA blood test e. Wearing sunscreen

A,B,D

True or False: The CAUTION mnemonic is used to identify warning signs of cancer.

True

Which of the following describes the role of tumor suppressor genes? a. Promote cell growth b. Control cell division and prevent uncontrolled growth c. Repair damaged DNA d. Trigger metastasis

B

The three phases of cancer development include: a. Initiation, Expansion, and Maturation b. Transformation, Division, and Migration c. Initiation, Promotion, and Progression d. Mutation, Invasion, and Metastasis

C

A nurse is explaining how cancer cells evade immune detection. Which mechanisms contribute to immunological escape? (Select all that apply.) a. Suppressing immune response b. Increasing T-cell activity c. Expressing checkpoint proteins d. Mutating to avoid recognition e. Decreasing angiogenesis

A,C,D

True or False: Carcinomas originate from connective tissue such as bone or muscle.

False

What does the "M" represent in the TNM staging system? a. Mitotic rate b. Metastasis c. Mutation type d. Molecular subtype

B

Which cancer treatment modality is used to directly stimulate the immune system to fight cancer? a. Chemotherapy b. Radiation therapy c. Immunotherapy d. Endocrine therapy

C

Which of the following chemotherapy agents work by inhibiting topoisomerase, leading to DNA breakage and cell death? a. Alkylating agents b. Antimetabolites c. Topoisomerase inhibitors d. Antitumor antibiotics

C

What is the preferred method of administering vesicant chemotherapy drugs? a. Oral route b. Peripheral IV c. Central venous access device d. Intramuscular injection

C

A patient undergoing brachytherapy for cervical cancer should: a. Limit visitors to 30 minutes per day b. Avoid direct sunlight c. Be placed in a negative pressure room d. Undergo daily blood transfusions

A

True or False: External beam radiation requires precise targeting through a simulation session.

True

Which of the following are common side effects of chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.) a. Mucositis b. Bone marrow suppression c. Neuropathy d. Pulmonary fibrosis e. Hypertension

A,B,C

A nurse is caring for a patient experiencing neutropenic fever. What is the priority action? a. Obtain blood cultures and start IV antibiotics within 60 minutes b. Administer acetaminophen and observe c. Encourage oral fluids d. Perform a chest X-ray

A

True or False: Corticosteroids like dexamethasone can help manage chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

True

A nurse is monitoring a patient with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS). Which symptoms would indicate worsening condition? a. Facial and upper extremity swelling b. Low back pain c. Hypertension d. Blurred vision

A

What is the first-line treatment for spinal cord compression due to metastatic cancer? a. Radiation therapy b. Bisphosphonates c. High-dose corticosteroids d. IV hydration

C

A nurse is providing education about cancer prevalence in the U.S. Which cancer is responsible for the most deaths in both men and women? a) Prostate cancer b) Breast cancer c) Lung and bronchus cancer d) Colon and rectal cancer

C

A nurse is educating a patient about primary cancer prevention. Which of the following is an example of primary prevention? a) Routine colonoscopy at age 50 b) Receiving the HPV vaccine c) Monitoring for warning signs of cancer d) Providing pain management for a cancer patient

B

A nurse is caring for a patient with a BRCA1 mutation. The nurse explains that BRCA1 is an example of which of the following? a) An oncogene b) A tumor suppressor gene c) A proto-oncogene d) A transcription factor

B

The nurse is educating a patient about the phases of cancer development. Which statement indicates that the patient understands the promotion phase? a) “This phase is irreversible once the mutation occurs.” b) “If I quit smoking now, I may reduce the risk of my mutated cells becoming cancerous.” c) “This is the phase where cancer metastasizes to distant organs.” d) “This is the phase where my immune system is unable to recognize tumor cells.”

B

A patient is diagnosed with lymphoma. Based on cancer classification, the nurse knows this cancer originates from which type of tissue? a) Epithelial tissue b) Connective tissue c) Lymphatic tissue d) Blood-forming tissue

C

A nurse is assessing a patient for the seven warning signs of cancer (CAUTION mnemonic). Which findings would require further evaluation? (Select all that apply.) a) A mole that has changed in size and color b) Difficulty swallowing food for the past month c) An occasional dry cough d) A lump in the breast that was not present before e) Fatigue after a long day at work

A,B,D

The nurse is reviewing a patient's pathology report, which states “T3N1M0” according to the TNM classification system. What does this staging indicate? (Select all that apply.) a) Tumor is small and localized b) Tumor is large but has no lymph node involvement c) Cancer has spread to 1 lymph node d) No distant metastasis is present e) The cancer is highly aggressive with multiple organ involvement

C,D

A nurse is providing teaching to a patient undergoing chemotherapy. What are common delayed side effects of chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.) a) Nausea and vomiting b) Neuropathy c) Radiation dermatitis d) Bone marrow suppression e) Secondary malignancies

A,B,D,E

The nurse is preparing a chemotherapy administration plan. Which of the following routes can be used to administer chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.) a) Intravenous (IV) b) Oral (PO) c) Subcutaneous (SQ) d) Intrathecal e) Intracavitary

A,B,D,E

A patient is receiving external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer. What patient education should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.) a) “Your skin in the radiation area may become red and irritated.” b) “You will need to be radioactive for several days, so limit contact with others.” c) “Each session includes precise targeting of the tumor, so you must remain still.” d) “This therapy will require placing radioactive seeds inside your body.” e) “Fatigue is a common side effect of radiation therapy.”

A,C,E

True or False: The immune system can recognize and destroy tumor cells through immune surveillance, but cancer cells can evade detection through immunological escape.

True

True or False: Alkylating agents, such as cyclophosphamide, interfere with the formation of microtubules and prevent mitosis.

False

True or False: In tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), patients often experience hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia due to rapid tumor cell breakdown.

True

True or False: Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a slow-growing oncologic emergency that does not require immediate intervention.

False

True or False: Neutropenic fever is considered a medical emergency and requires the immediate administration of broad-spectrum IV antibiotics.

True