EENT 2

This set of flashcards covers key terminology and definitions related to EENT (Ear, Eye, Nose, Throat) anatomy and conditions, based on lecture notes.

Sclera

The white part of the eye.

Cornea

Covers the iris and pupil of the eye.

Conjunctiva

A thin membrane covering the anterior eye and eyelid.

Iris

The colored part of the eye with muscles to control pupil size.

Pupil

Controls the amount of light entering the eye.

Anterior Chamber

The space between the cornea and the iris.

Lens

Clear structure located posterior to the pupil and iris.

Retina

Lines the inner portion of the eye.

Optic Nerve

Transmits impulses from the eye to the brain.

Orbits

The eye sockets formed by seven bones.

Frontal bone

One of the bones forming the orbit.

Zygomatic bone

One of the bones forming the orbit.

Maxillary bone

One of the bones forming the orbit.

Ethmoidal bone

One of the bones forming the orbit.

Sphenoid bone

One of the bones forming the orbit.

Lacrimal bone

One of the bones forming the orbit.

Palatine bone

One of the bones forming the orbit.

Superior Rectus

One of the muscles controlling eye movement.

Lateral Rectus

One of the muscles controlling horizontal eye movement.

Inferior Rectus

One of the muscles controlling downward eye movement.

Medial Rectus

One of the muscles controlling inward eye movement.

Superior Oblique

One of the muscles controlling rotational eye movement.

Inferior Oblique

One of the muscles controlling upward and outward eye movement.

Auricle

The external part of the ear.

Tympanic Membrane

Also known as the eardrum; vibrates in response to sound.

Ossicles

The three small bones in the middle ear - malleus, incus, stapes.

Cochlea

Part of the inner ear involved in hearing.

Semicircular Canals

Structures in the inner ear that help maintain balance.

Eustachian Tube

Connects the middle ear to nasal passages for pressure regulation.

Nares

The nostrils.

Maxilla

Upper jawbone in the nose structure.

Vomer

Bone forming part of the nasal septum.

Epiglottis

Prevents food from entering the larynx.

Tonsils

Lymphatic tissue located at the back of the mouth.

Adenoids

Lymphatic tissue located at the back of the nasal cavity.

Uvula

Hangs down at the back of the throat.

Bony Palpation

Examination technique involving pressing on bones.

Nystagmus

Involuntary eye movement, indicating possible neurological issues.

Diplopia

Seeing two images of one object.

Ptosis

Drooping of the eyelid.

Anisocoria

Unequal pupil sizes, present in about 20% of the population.

Halos

Visual phenomenon often related to glaucoma or corneal issues.

Floaters

Small spots or strings seen in the field of vision, which may indicate retinal issues.

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage

Bleeding under the conjunctiva, often from trauma.

Foreign Body

Any object located in or on the eye.

Corneal Abrasion

A scratch on the cornea resulting from injury.

Hyphema

Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye due to trauma.

Ruptured Globe

A serious eye injury resulting from blunt or penetrating trauma.

Orbital Fracture

A fracture in the bones surrounding the eye.

Detached Retina

Retina separates from underlying tissues, often due to trauma.

Tinnitus

Ringing or buzzing in the ears, often sign of tympanic membrane rupture.

Otitis Externa

External ear infection, commonly known as swimmer's ear.

Otitis Media

Middle ear infection characterized by ear pain and possible discharge.

Epistaxis

Nosebleeds, often related to trauma or other conditions.

Gingivitis

Inflammation and infection of the gums.

Periodontitis

Severe gum disease that damages soft tissue and destroys the bone supporting teeth.

Oral Candidiasis

Fungal infection in the mouth, also called thrush.

Strep Throat

A bacterial infection of the throat characterized by sore throat and fever.

Pharyngitis

Inflammation of the pharynx, leading to sore throat.

Laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx causing voice changes.

Vocal Cords

Folds of tissue in the larynx that produce sound.

Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

Inability of the tube to equalize pressure in the ear.

Nasal Cavity

The internal area behind the nose.

Paranasal Sinuses

Air-filled spaces surrounding the nasal cavity.

Sinuses

Cavities in the bones around the nose.