The Joints of the Skeletal System

Chapter 8

amphiarthrotic joint

functional classification of symphysis

amphiarthrotic joint

functional classification of syndesmosis

synarthrotic joint

functional classification of suture

synarthrotic joint

functional classification of synchondrosis

synarthrotic joint

functional classification of gomphosis

diarthrotic joint

functional classification of synovial joint

fibrocartilage

within a symphysis joint, the bone ends are held together by ____

hyaline cartilage

within a synchondroses bone ends are held together by ____

joint capsule

a synovial joint is surrounded by a two layer ____

synovial cavity

fluid filled space in joint capsule

synovial membrane

inner layer of the joint capsule

dense connective tissue

what makes up the outer layer of the joint capsule

loose connective tissue

what makes up the inner layer of the joint capsule

synovial fluid

what fluid does the inner lining of the joint capsule secrete

saddle joint

synovial joint that involves two bone ends that each have both concave and convex regions

collagen

joint stiffness that occurs with aging is due to changes in _____ within the joint

plane joint

synovial joint that involves two flat (or nearly flat) bone surfaces

flexion

bending the hip to bring the knee to the chest

plantar flexion

pointing the toes

eversion

turning the sole of the foot outward

flexion

bringing the chin to the chest

supination

turning the palm up

abduction

raising the arm out to the side

condylar joint

synovial joint that involves a raised ovoid surface on one bone fitting into an ovoid depression on the other bone

head of humerus

glenoid cavity of scapula

what structures articulate to make the shoulder joint

one plane

degree of freedom for hinge joint

one plane

degree of freedom for tibiofemoral joint

one plane

degree of freedom for pivot joint

two planes

degree of freedom for condylar joint

two planes

degree of freedom for saddle joint

two planes

degree of freedom for plane joint

two planes

degree of freedom for metacarpophalangea joints

three planes

degree of freedom for ball and socket joint

three planes

degree of freedom for glenohumeral joint

three planes

degree of freedom for hip joint

shoulder joint

transverse humeral ligament, glenohumeral ligament, and coracohumeral ligament maintain stability of what joint

synchondroses

symphyses

what are the two cartilaginous joints

fibrous joints

what class of joints consists of bone ends held together by collagenous tissue

suture

fibrous joint between bones of the skull

syndesmosis

joint occurring between the distal end of the tibia and fibula, held together by a band of collagen

gomphosis

joint that anchors a tooth in its socket

involves the fibrous periodontal ligament

flexion and extension

abduction and adduction

medial and lateral rotation

what movement types does the shoulder joint allow

abduction

spreading fingers

abduction

movement of a body part away from the midline

lining joint capsules

location of synovial membranes

decrease

with age, range of motion and production of synovial fluid both

pivot joint

trochoid joint is the alternative name for what synovial joint

ball and socket joint

spheroidal joint is the alternative name for what synovial joint

plane joint

gliding joint is the alternative name for what synovial joint

condylar joint

ellipsoidal joint is the alternative name for what synovial joint

saddle joint

sellar joint is the alternative name for what synovial joint

fibrous joints

which joint type has no movement

fibrous joints

which joint type has dense connective tissue

fibrous joint

which joint type is between tibia and fibula

cartilaginous joints

which joint type does cartilage join bones

cartilaginous joints

which joint type has small amount of movement

synovial joints

which joint type are most joints in the body

synovial joints

which joint type has ample movement allowed

synovial joints

which joint type has six subtypes

fibrous joints

joints that involve bone ends that are held together by collagen fibers

cartilaginous joints

joints that involve bone ends held together by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

amphiarthrotic

are cartilaginous joints synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, or diarthrotic

synarthrotic

joints that allow no movement

synovial joints

joints that involve bone ends held together by a joint capsule

diarthrotic

joints that are freely movable are

pivot joint

what synovial joint involves a cylindrical surface that rotates in ring

saddle joint

what synovial joint involves each bone end has convex and concave areas

hinge joint

which synovial joint does convex bone end fits into concave bone end

condylar joint

which synovial joint does ovoid end fit into elliptical cavity

ball and socket joint

which synovial joint does rounded head fits in cup-shaped cavity

plane joint

which synovial joint has nearly flat articular surfaces

ball and socket joint

which synovial joint is the hip joint

condylar joint

which synovial joint is between radius and carpals

condylar joint

which synovial joint includes metacarpophalangea joints

plane joint

which synovial joint is between articular processes of vertebrae

plane joint

which synovial joint is between carpal bones

hinge joint

which synovial joint is the elbow joint (humero-ulnar)

pivot joint

which synovial joint is the atlas to axis joint

saddle joint

which synovial joint is the base of thumb

synovial joints

what type of joint allows for the most movement between bones

pivot joint

which synovial joint includes the proximal radioulnar joint

ball and socket joint

which synovial joint involves one bone end with a globular head that fits into a cup-shaped cavity on the other bone end

pivot joint

which synovial joint involves a cylindrical shape for one bone end that rotates in a ring formed by another bone and a ligament

elbow joint

which joint has ulnar and radial collateral ligaments

knee joint

which joint has anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

elbow joint

which joint has anular ligament

hip joint

which joint has iliofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments

knee joint

which joint has tibial and fibular collateral ligaments

shoulder joint

which joint has transverse humeral ligament

flexion

bicep curls

hinge joint

humero-ulnar joint is what synovial joint

adduction

lat pull downs

ball and socket joint

what synovial joint is the shoulder joint

modified hinge joint

the knee joint is primarily what synovial joint

menisci

fibrocartilage discs within joint

bursae

fluid-filled sacs associated with synovial joints

synovial membrane

lining of joint cavity

secretes fluid

articular cartilage

protective layer that covers bone ends

condylar joint

which synovial joint has movement in variety of planes, but no rotation

plane joint

which synovial joint has sliding and twisting motions