B1 Cells and Transport

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23 Terms

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Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

<p>Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.</p>
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Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

<p>Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane</p>
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Active transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

<p>Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference</p>
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Isotonic solution

A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution

<p>A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution</p>
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Hypertonic solution

Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water

<p>Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water</p>
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Hypotonic solution

Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water

<p>Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water</p>
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Active transport requires

Energy and protein channels

<p>Energy and protein channels</p>
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Nucleus

A part of the cell containing DNA and controls the cells activities

<p>A part of the cell containing DNA and controls the cells activities</p>
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Mitochondria

An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which respiration and energy production occur.

<p>An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which respiration and energy production occur.</p>
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Ribosomes

Makes proteins

<p>Makes proteins</p>
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Cytoplasm

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which reactions take place

<p>A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which reactions take place</p>
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Cell membrane

A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.

<p>A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.</p>
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Chloroplast

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

<p>An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs</p>
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Vacuole

Cell organelle in plants that stores cell sap

<p>Cell organelle in plants that stores cell sap</p>
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Magnification equation

Image size/actual size

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Resolution

Ability of a microscope to distinguish two objects as separate

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Prokaryotic cell

Cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

<p>Cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.</p>
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Eukaryotic cell

Cell that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

<p>Cell that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles</p>
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Flaccid

A plant cell that is limp through a reduction of pressure inside the cell

<p>A plant cell that is limp through a reduction of pressure inside the cell</p>
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Turgid

A plant cell fully inflated with water

<p>A plant cell fully inflated with water</p>
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Plasmolysed plant cell

The cell has lost water and the cytoplasm has shrunk; the membrane has pulled away from the cell wall

<p>The cell has lost water and the cytoplasm has shrunk; the membrane has pulled away from the cell wall</p>
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Crenated cell

An animal that has shrunk

<p>An animal that has shrunk</p>
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Cell lysis

Swelling and bursting of animal cell

<p>Swelling and bursting of animal cell</p>