Chapter 4: General Chemistry

A set of vocabulary flashcards for key concepts in Chapter 4 of General Chemistry.

Ions in Aqueous Solution

Describes how substances behave when dissolved in water.

Ionic Theory of Solutions

Explains how ionic substances form ions in solution.

Precipitation Reaction

A reaction where a solid forms from two mixed solutions.

Acid-Base Reaction

Involves the transfer of protons (H+) between reactants.

Oxidation-Reduction Reaction

Involves the transfer of electrons between reactants.

Electrolyte

A substance that produces ions in water, conducting electricity.

Nonelectrolyte

A substance that does not produce ions in water.

Molar Concentration

Moles of solute per liter of solution.

Dilution

Decreasing concentration by adding more solvent.

Gravimetric Analysis

Determines substance amount by weighing a converted product.

Volumetric Analysis

A method using titration to measure substance volume needed for a reaction.

Net Ionic Equation

Shows only the species directly participating in a reaction.

Strong Acid

An acid that completely dissociates into ions in solution.

Weak Acid

An acid that only partially dissociates into ions in solution.

Neutralization Reaction

A reaction between an acid and a base, producing salt and water.

Half-Reaction

One part of a redox reaction, either oxidation or reduction.

Oxidizing Agent

Causes another species to oxidize, and is itself reduced.

Reducing Agent

Causes another species to reduce, and is itself oxidized.

Equivalent Weight

The mass of a compound that donates one equivalent of reactant.

Normality

Concentration equivalent to equivalents of solute per liter of solution.

Titration

A lab method to determine the concentration of an unknown reactant.

Activity Series

A list of elements by their ability to displace others in reactions.

Combustion Reaction

A reaction with oxygen, releasing heat and light.