Early Colonization

What was Spain motivated by?

motivated for Gold (conquistadors) and God (mission system).

When and where did the Mission system start?

Northern Mexico in the 1500’s

When and who founded the CA mission?

It was founded between 1789 and 1823 by Father Junipero Serra.

What was the Irony of the Mission System?

No wealth in N.America but now Spain had Christian converts they felt responsible for.

What was England motivated by?

They were motivated by Gold (jointstock companies) and God (religious freedom such as Plymouth Colony)

Virginia became too expensive to colonize which led to

the formation of joint-stock companies

In Jamestown on December 20, 1606, 144 colonists left England on the

Susan Constant, Good speed, and Discovery

What were main difficulties of Jamestown colonists that left England?

built houses in malaria swamp

arrived too late to plant and harvest crops

within a few months 51 had died, some joined the Indians, the rest entered starving time.

some resorted to cannibalism to survive

Which crop created demand for more colonists?

tobacco

What did indentured servants receive after fulfilling their contracts?

They were given tracts of land

Why did England take over as a Royal Colony?

Indians raided in 1622 which destroyed the Virginia colony.

Why would Anglican priests want reform?

For personal experience of God

Moral conduct

Simple/less traditional worship service

Who were the pilgrims and what did they want?

Pilgrims were separatist puritans who wanted to break from the Church of England.

What did Pilgrims do to create their own society?

Pilgrims moved first to Leiden, Holland in 1609, but wanted to create their own society modeled after the New Testament.

When was Massachusetts Bay Colony chartered and colonized?

Chartered in 1629 and colonized in 1630

What was a Theocracy?

A combination of church and state

What was Church membership?

Elders decided who the full and non members were

What did non-members still have to do?

Pay taxes and attend church

What did Half-Way covenant give?

Half-Way covenant gave voting rights to non-members.

What did Maryland become for Roman Catholics?

Maryland became the refuge for Roman Catholics, but mostly Protestants moved in.

Connecticut was founded in

1636 as a breakaway from Massachusetts

What were Clergyman Thomas Hooker’s dangerous beliefs that made him banished?

Women should have a role in church and community.

Church leaders had too much control over daily lives of people

As early as 1623 fishing colony had been set up by

Captain John Mason

John Wheelwright was

banished from Boston as a follower of Ann Hutchinson.

Who took back the Royal Province in 1679?

Massachusetts

After immigrating in 1631, Roger Williams was kicked out of Massachusetts because of his

strange beliefs

indians should be paid for their land

no theocracy separate church and state

religious toleration

Roger Williams bought land from

Indians on Naragansett Bay

In 1644, what did Roger Williams receive from England 1st colony?

He was given the official patent from England 1st colony to have religious toleration

Anne Hutchinson started a

home study group for women that become popular.

What was Anne Hutchinson charged with?

antinomianism

What consequences did Anne Hutchinson receive from forming a study group for women that became popular?

She got banished from Massachusetts in 1637 and her family and followers moved close to Roger William’s settlement in Rhode Island

What did Charles ll do in 1633?

Granted land south to Virginia to political supporters.

Freedom of worship

attracted protestants from all over France, Barbados, and England

Some relationships with Indians included

trading posts

hostilities - enslaved the Indians and sold them off

What crops did South and North Carolina grow?

South grew rice and North grew tobacco

Who founded Society of Friends?

George Fox

What did Society of Friends believe?

Believed true spirituality came from “inner light”

Non-violence

Equality of Gender/race

Why was charter given given in 1732?

Georgia would serve as a buffer between England and Florida.

What were some goals of the Colony? (Georgia 1732)

relief for debtors

convicts start anew

protestant dissenters

no slavery

1609- Henry Hudson finds the

Hudson River and Hudson Bay

1624- Peter Minuit became leader of

settlement on Manhattan Island

What did Peter Minuit do after becoming the leader of settlement on Manhattan Island?

He set up a trade agreement for two boxes of hatchets, beads, pots, and cloth.

By 1630, New Amsterdam was a

major sailor man’s town

By 1640-1643 New Netherlands government Kieft

used Mohawks to attack Wappingers

What laws did Peter Stuyvesant enact?

Attempted to create stability

built a defensive wall- “Wall Street”

Along the St. Lawrence River, “Black Robes” convert natives to

Catholicism

In 1603-1616, Samuel de Champlain mapped

Canada coast, made alliances and traded

Samuel de Champlain wanted

fur trade for himself- by 1635 there were only 150 settlers

Jean Baptiste gave France claims to all of the land

from Appalachians to the Rocky Mountains.