Biology: 3A - Sexual and Asexual reproduction

What happens during Asexual reproduction?

Usually cells in one part of the body divide by mitosis and then break off from the parent to form a new organism.

All the offspring are genetically identical

Can you give examples of organisms that perform asexual reproduction?

Fungi - Yeast

Bacteria - E-coli

Animal- Hydra

Plant - Strawberry

What happens during sexual reproduction?

sex cells called gametes are produced.

There are two types: a male gamete and a female.

The male gamete must move to the female gamete and fuse with it. 

This is called fertilisation.

The new cell formed is called a zygote

What process is carried out on zygote cell?

this new zygote cell it divides many times by mitosis to form the new organism.

Where are gamete produced for humans and the process carried out to the cells in the organs?

In humans the male gametes, sperm, are produced in the testes.

In the female the ova are produced in the ovaries.

The cells inside these organs divide by meiosis.

Meiosis produces cells that are not genetically identical.

What are gametes?

Gametes are what we call haploid cells. 

This means they have half the amount of DNA (23 chromosomes) of a normal cell. 

This is because they are going to fuse with another gamete to form the zygote which needs the full amount of DNA (46 chromosomes). 

What is a natural method that plants reproduce asexual by?

Some plants produce runners, which come off from the main plant, grow roots and become their own plant.

What is an artificial method that plants reproduce asexual by?

By taking cuttings.

tbc