Unit - 5 Sexual and Asexual Reproduction (More)

Why do cells go through mitosis?

To grow/repair cells

What are two major stages of the cell cycle?

Interphase and mitosis

The phases of mitosis are:

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

During which phase do chromosomes condense, do spindle fibers form, and does the nuclear membrane disappears?

Prophase

What happens to our chromosomes during Anaphase?

Sister chromatids are pulled apart.

During what phase do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

Metaphase

During normal mitotic division, a parent cell having 6 chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing how any chromosomes?

6 chromosomes.

What is G1?

Cells grow in size and organelles are duplicated

What is S phase?

DNA replicates

What is G2?

Cell prepares for mitosis

What is M?

Produces two identical new daughter cells

Cells spend most of their life in which stage of the cell cycle?

Mitosis

If this stage did not occur, daughter cells would contain insufficient amounts of DNA.

S phase

If this stage did not occur, a single cell would be multi-nucleated (have multiple nuclei.)

Cytokinesis

What is G0?

Resting phase of the cell cycle (cell does not divide.)

What type of cells can never enter G0? How does that effect the cell?

Differentiated cells (neurons, muscle cells) the cell does not divide again.

What is cancer?

Uncontrolled growth and uncontrolled division of cells

What is the difference between cancer cells and normal cells?

Cancer = grow faster Normal = steady rate

What is a tumor?

Cluster of cells

What are the different types of tumors?

Benign tumor and malignant tumor

How does cancer cause death?

Cancer cells take over normal cells functioning in our body.

What are THREE main processes meiosis uses to create genetic diversity?

Crossing over, law of segregation, law of independent assortment

Zygote growth, injury repair, growth, asexual reproduction, and bacteria reproduction occurs because of what?

Mitosis

Egg production, sperm production,and sexual reproduction occurs because of what?

Meiosis

Is Mitosis haploid or diploid?

Diploid.

How many divisions happen in mitosis?

1

What type of cells does mitosis create?

Body cells

Is meiosis haploid or diploid?

Haploid

How many divisions does meiosis do?

2

What type of cells are created with meiosis?

Sex cells

Why does meiosis result in more genetic diversity than mitosis?

By mixing up genetic material

What is a karyotype?

Actual pictures of chromosomes

A zygote of mouse has 90 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in a muscle cell of a mouse?

90

An egg produced by a frog has 28 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are present in the skin cells of the frog?

56