L1: LANGUAGE CHANGE

Language is dynamic

It cahanges over time

John 3:16

Bible verse that has changed over time.

Phonetic Changes

the alteration of sounds in a language over time, affecting how words are pronounced.

MUS → MOUSE

HUS → HOUSE

An example of phonetic change

The great vowel shift

a major, systematic series of changes in the pronunciation of the long vowels in the English language

1400 - 1600

Period where the GVS happened

Morphological Change

is an alteration in the structure of words in a language over time.

Latin case endings

are suffixes added to the stem of a Latin noun, pronoun, or adjective to indicate its grammatical function in a sentence, as well as its number (singular or plural) and sometimes its gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter).

Nominative

Subject

Accusative

Object

Dative

Destination

Genitive

Possessive

Vocative

Call

Romance Languages

Where is latin case endings found

Genitive only

What does modern english retain from the case markings?

Syntactic change

changes in the grammatical structure of a language over time.

Double negatives

Was was grammatucal for OE but not in modern eng

SVO and SOV

Structure of olde eng with the case markings

Double comparatives

Most wonderfuller, more gladder, more lower

Lexical Change

alteration in a language's word inventory

Semantic Change

form of language change where the meaning or set of meanings of a word evolves over time.

Broadening

meaning of a word becomes more inclusive or general than its original, earlier meaning

Dogge, Holiday, Quaratine

Examples of broadening

Narrowing

where a word's meaning becomes more restricted.

Meat, Deer, Hound

Examples of narrowing

Not corruption

Language change is not