2.15-2.21 Reactivity series

What is the order of the reactivity series (most to least)

Potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, iron, lead, hydrogen, copper, mercury, silver, gold, platinum

(Please stop calling me a zebra, I like hate cultish monkeys, so goofy penguins)

What do metals above hydrogen produce when reacting with water?

Hydrogen (e.g Metal + Cold Water → Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen, Metal + steam → metal oxide + hydrogen

Will Metals below hydrogen react with water?

No

What is the trend in how vigourous reactions are with water in the reactive series?

It becomes less vigourous Down the group

How does potassium react with water?

Violently

How does sodium react with water?

Quickly

How does lithium react with water?

Less strongly

How does calcium react with water?

Less strongly

How does Iron react with water?

Slow rusting

What metals react with water very slowly?

Magnesium, iron and zinc

What metals will react with dilute acids?

Metals above hydrogen

How do you high reactive series metals react with acids?

Very explosively

What do metals and acids form when they react?

Salt and hydrogen gas

What is the general equation when metal and acids react?

Metal + Acid → Salt + hydrogen

What is the general equation for when metals react with water?

Metal plus water arrow metal hydroxide plus meta

Metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

What is the equation when magnesium reacts with sulphuric acid?

 Mg (s) + H₂SO₄(aq) → MgSO₄(aq) + H₂ (g)

What is the equation for when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid

Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂ (g)

What is the equation for when calcium reacts with water?

Ca (s) + 2H₂O (l) ⟶ Ca(OH)₂ (aq)  + H₂(g)

What is the equation For when sodium reacts with water

Na (s) + 2H₂O (l) ⟶ Na(OH)₂ (aq)  + H₂(g)

How to investigate reactions between dilute hydrochloric and sulphuric acids and metals?

Add into metals (magnesium, copper, aluminium, zinc, iron, calcium) into hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid, record observations

How does magnesium react with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid

H- floats, bubbles, gives off heat

S - same

How does copper react with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid

H - no visible reaction

S- same

How does aluminium react with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid

H- slow reaction initially and then small bubbles appear and form rapidly

S - same

How does zinc react with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid

H - many small bubbles appear quickly and rise to surface

S - same

How does iron react with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid

H - small bubbles appear slowly

S - same

How does calcium react with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid

H - very rapid reaction, bubbles form quickly and lots of heat given off

S - rapid reaction to begin with but slows as white solid appears in solution around the calcium

How to test for hydrogen

Put a lit splint (piece of wood lit at the end) to the mouth of the test tube, you should hear a squeaky pop

What are the products made in a reaction between an acid and a metal?

Salt + hydrogen

What products are Made In a reaction Between acid and metal oxide

Salt and water

What products are made in a reaction between acid and metal hydroxide?

Salt and water

What products are made in a reaction between acid and metal carbonate?

Salt and water and Carbon dioxide

Where is a metal if you add cold water and there is a reaction

Above Mg

Where is the metal if you add it to a dilute acid and it has a reaction

Between H and Mg

Where is the metal if you add it to a dilute acid and it has no reaction

Below H