MIC102 Lecture 1

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7 Terms

1
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Compare the relative scale of different types of microbes

Viruses (even though not technically living)

  • 20-300 nanometers

Bacteria

  • 0.2-5 micrometers

Archaea

  • 0.1-15 micrometers

SIngle-celled Eukaryotes

  • 10-1000 micrometers (some can be seen by human eye -100 micrometers and up)

2
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What is the defining feature of microogranisms?

small size

3
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Which type of living cell is most abundant in and on the human body?

  • bacterial cells

  • they outnumber eukaryotic and archaea by 2-3 orders fo magnitude

4
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Which can be a potential energy source for microbes?

  • CO2

  • Cellulose

  • Methane

  • Infrared radiation

  • Electricity

  • All except CO2

  • CO2 is fully oxidized and can’t be extracted form for energy

5
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Identify the different types of Light Microscopy

  • Magnifies up to 1000x, best for viewing living cells but can view dead specimens sometimes, can resolve structures ~200 nm apart

Brightfield

  • to view pigmented or stained specimens (high contrast)

  • image formed by light passing and then absorbed or scattered by stain or naturally pigmented structures

Phase contrast

  • good for live unstained cells, can be used to watch cell movement, cell division, and internal structures

  • to view non-pigmented, transparent-like (low contrast) specimens

Fluorescence

  • to view cells/structures labeled with a fluorochrome

  • can detect specific molecules, organelles, or strcutures

  • needs fluorscent labelling

6
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Identify the types of Electron Microscopy

  • Magnifies up to 500,000X, can resolve structures -0.1 nm apart

  • best for viewing small structures

  • Usually only works with dead cells due to processing requirements, but has high resolution

  • no color usually for two types covered

Scanning EM

  • scans the exterior of a specimen to reveal the topography and fine details in 3d

  • requires samples that are highly processed (thin, fixed, stained with conductive metal, etc.)

Transmission

  • used to view internal structures of specimens or small specimens

  • specimens may be sliced or stained in cross sections to view

  • dense areas scatter electrons more and show up darker in image

7
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<p>Match the type of microscopy used to create each micrograph of filamentous cyanobacteria</p>

Match the type of microscopy used to create each micrograph of filamentous cyanobacteria

1) E - Transmission, due to extreme resolution and small imagery, high magnification, internal structures of organism, black adn white

2) A - Brightfield - microbe shows clear pigment and high contrant, but resolution is moderate, true color of organisms and very bright background (hence name of microscopy type)

3) D - Scanning electron - Can tell due to the lack of coloring in the images and how it has high resolution showing the topology of the bacteria, surface only view, blacka dn white, 3D cell appearance

4) C - Fluorescence, due to the fluorescent nature of the photo, how they pop out, differnet colors

5) B - Phase contrast - microbe seems almost transparent and see through and background is darker than microbe itself, brihgt pahse halos around cells, dark background and strucutres in cytoplasm