Demographic changes

Birth rates

Number of live births per 1000 of the population per year

Fertility rates

Average number of children per adult woman

Infant mortality rates

The number of child deaths under the age of 1 per 1000 live births

Morality rates

Number of deaths per 1000

Net migration rates

Number of people entering the country minus number of people leaving

Life expectancy

Average age someone lives

What has happened to birth rates and why?

Overall declined with a few fluctuations due to the world wars known as the baby booms

What has happened to the fertility rate and why?

Fallen as familes are having fewer children and women are choosing to delay childbearing or not have them at all

Link to the demographic transition model

What has happened to the infant mortality rate and why?

Fallen however initially caused a population increase as birth rates remained high

Birth rates then fell because there was less need to have insurance children because the infant mortality rate was decreasing. Children were economic assets and parents would need them to economically able for them

What has happened to the morality rates and why?

Decreases

What has happened to net migration and why?

Increased due to wars, people seeking asylum and immigration from European Union countries

What are the Life expectancy ages?

Male around 79

Female around 83

What is the replacement level?

It says that the total fertility rate needs to be 2.1 in order to replace the existing population however recently the rate has been below 2 meaning the life expectancy rate is rising and so there are fewer younger people to support the again population