ORBG 5005- Dental Anatomy Exam 1

Dentition

the natural teeth in the maxillary and mandibular dental arch

primary, mixed, permanent

three types of dentition

primary dentition

deciduous dentition

Mixed dentition

(6-12 years) when primary and permanent dentition are mixed

Maxillary arch

upper jaw; part of the hard palate

non moveable

Maxillary arch: moveable or non-moveable?

Tuberosity area

Behind maxillary molars

mandibular arch

What is the only moveable bone of the skull?

retromolar area

space located to the rear of the mandibular molars

Permanent dentition

succedaneous teeth; 32 teeth total

8 teeth per quadrant ; 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 pre-molars, 3 molars

List teeth per quadrant in permanent dentition

20 teeth ; 5 teeth per quadrant ; 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 molars

Primary Denition;

How many teeth? How many per quadrant? List teeth per quadrant

no pre-molars or third molars

WHat teeth are missing in primary dentition?

Universal Numbering System ; AJ and KT

What system does primary dentition follow? Who are the "cutie little patients"?

Universal numbering system

1-32 UR to UL, LL to LR

Palmer notation

Each quadrant has a brack location, then numbers 1-8

International system

1st #: UR=1, UL=2, LL=3, LR=4

2nd #: 1 (central incisors)- 8 (third molars)

21

Name the left maxillary central incisor using the international system

designed to cut

Incisors function

designed to cut, tear, pierce

Canines function

designed for tearing, holding, grinding

Premolar function

designed for grinding, crushing

Molar function

cuspids; bicuspids

Canines alternate name ;

Premolars alternate name

succedaneous replace primary molars

Premolars: succedaneous or non-succedaneous

non-succedaneous

Molars: succedaneous or non-succedaneous

Exfoliation

shedding or loss of primary tooth

Succedaneous

permanent tooth that replaces primary tooth

Non-succedaneous

permanent teeth that do not replace primary (1st, 2nd, 3rd molars)

Midline

an imaginary line that divides the body into right and left halves

occlusion

the physiological mechanism in which maxillary and mandibular teeth contact

Mastication

the act of chewing or grinding

Periodontium

anchors supports and protects teeth

gingiva

gum tissue surrounding teeth and alveolar bone

attached gingiva

gingiva bound to underlying alveolar bone

free gingiva

the collar of thin gingiva that surrounds each tooth

Interdental papilla

the part of the gingival collar that extends between proximal (adjacent) teeth, also unattached gingiva

Alveolar bone (alveolar process)

bone that forms sockets for teeth

alveolus

socket/cavity where the root of the tooth is held

cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone

list the parts of the attachment apparatus

periodontal ligament

fibers connecting the cemetum to the bone

cementum (tooth) to bone (alveolar process)

What does the PDL connect?

enamel, dentin, pulp

list the 3 parts of the crown

dentin, cementum, pulp

list the 3 parts of the root

Dentintoenamel Junction (DEJ)

the inner surface of enamel where enamel joins dentin

Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ)

the inner surface if enamel where enamel joins dentin

pulp

soft, nonmineralized connective tissue containing a rich supply of blood vessels and nerves located in the center of the crown and root

pulp chamber, pulp horns, pulp canal

List the 3 parts of the pulp cavity

pulp chamber

coronal portion of the nerve

Pulp horns

horns on top of the pulp chamber

pulp canal (root canal)

root portion of the nerve

apical foramen

opening at the tip of the root, pulp passes through

vestibule

extends from the inside of the lips onto the alveolar process of both arches

Mucobuccal fold

where buccal mucosa meets alveolar mucosa

Frenum

a narrow band of tissue that cinnects two structures

vermilion

red part of the lips ; covered with a specialized stratified squamous epithelium, which is in continuity with the oral mucosa of the gingivolabial groove

the lips

What is the vermilion also refered to?

vermilion border

the rim of paler skin that demarcates the vermilion from the surrounding skin

labial commissure

the place where the lateral aspects of the vermilion of the upper and lower lips join

linea alba

chronic (long-term) friction between your teeth and the lining of your cheek, also known as your buccal mucosa

hard palate

bony part of the palate

soft palate

the fleshy flexible part of the palate toward the back of the mouth

papillae

contains sensory organs for taste and touch

filiform

gray threadlike TOUCH

fungiform

red globular TASTE

circumvallate

more prominent papillae in the posterior tongue, V-shaped TASTE

filiform papillae

What type of papillae is responsible for touch?

fungiform and circumvallate

What type of papillae is responsible for taste?

sublingual surface

Contains the: lingual, frenum, lingual veins, salivary glands

facial

front surfaces toward the face (anterior or posterior)

buccal

the facial surface of posterior teeth

labial

the facial surface of anterior teeth

lingual

The surface nearest to the tongue on a mandibular or maxillary tooth

palatal

maxillary tooth surface closest to the palate

proximal surfaces

the sides of a tooth next to the adjacent tooth

groove

developmental line separating parts of a tooth

Fossa

rounded or angular depression/concavity on a tooth surface; where grooves "meet up"

pits

small pinpoint depressions located at the junction of developmental grooves or at terminals of those grooves

fissure

a fault occuring along a developmental groove caused by incomplete joining of the lobes

cusp

pronounced elevation on a tooth

canines, premolars, and molars

Which teeth have cusps?

ridge

linear elevation on a tooth surface

marginal ridges

located along the borders of enamel for the mesial and distal margins

transverse ridges

the union of two triangular ridges, when a buccal and a lingual triangular ridge join

oblique ridges

What type of ridge are present on maxillary molars?

triangular ridge

located on major cusps of posterior teeth; extends from the cusp tip toward the depression (sulcus) toward the middle of the occulsal surface

Tubercle

small elevation similar to a cusp

Cingulum

bulge or prominence of enamel found in the cervical third of an anterior tooth's lingual surface

height of contour

bulge or widest point, as viewed from any surface of the tooth

embrasure spaces

triangular spaces surrounding a contact point of two teeth, as viewd from buccal/lingual and occlusal/incisal

Line angle

formed by the junction of two surfaces

Point angle

the angle formed by the junction of three surfaces at one point

mastication: chewing esthetics: appearance phonetics: speech

list the three functions of teeth and what they mean

crown

erupts through bone and gingival tissue

Anatomic crown

a whole crown of the tooth covered with enamel; partially covered by gingiva

Clinical crown

the part of the crown seen above the gingiva

Furcation

area of root that splits

mandibular molars and maxillary first premolar

Which teeth are an example of a bifrucation?

maxillary molars

Which teeth are an example of a trifurcation?

enamel

hard, mineralized tissue covering the anatomic crown; very brittle

Hardest living body tissue

Special fact about enamel