Chapter 19: Effects of human activity on the ecosystem

What is deforestation and what are its effects on our nature?

Deforestation is the "cutting of trees" for human benefit. It has negative effects on our nature; some of them are "soil erosion, flooding, desertification, loss of habitats of animals, and others".

Name a few pollutants and their effects on our environment.

Pollutants and their effect on our environment are:
- "sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides" - leads to acid rain and smog
- "lead"- is poisonous if accumulated with consumed food
- "carbon monoxide"- carboxyhemoglobin
- "carbon dioxide"- greenhouse effect
- "chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) - damage ozone layer

What are the causes of pollution?

Common causes of pollution are; "exhaust fumes from vehicles and factories, chimney fumes, burning of garbage".

How can we reduce pollution?

We can reduce pollution by:
- "use catalytic converters in cars
- less use of cars
- use filters or scrubbers on chimneys to remove sulphur dioxide
- use of less fossil fuels in factories
- use of alkalis to neutralize acidic waste products from factories before they are released to environment
- use ozone friendly products"

Why is conservation of environment important?

Conservation is important to:
- ensure "protection of plant and animals"
- "maintenance of stable and balanced ecosystem"
- ensure "conservation of marine life" + tropical forests + natural scenery
- "scientific value"

What measures can be taken for preservation of nature?

Measures taken can be:
- "laws that prevent tree hunting and human activities" that harm ecosystem and "laws regarding fishing months".
- "educate youth"
- on fishing grounds - "ban use of large nets" + "regulating size of ships" + "limiting period of fishing" + "banning harvesting endangered species".