Biological Oceanography Lecture Review

These flashcards cover key concepts in biological oceanography, focusing on benthic environments, diversity, ecological hypotheses, and marine ecology.

What is the definition of benthos?

Organisms (animals and plants) that live on, in, or attached to the sea floor.

What percentage of all marine species does the benthos include?

98% of all marine species.

What is a key environmental factor controlling benthic diversity?

Temperature, currents, and wave energy.

What is the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis?

It suggests that moderate levels of disturbance can enhance species diversity.

What type of marine ecosystems capture and store carbon, referred to as blue carbon?

Mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and tidal marshes.

What is the primary benefit of the coral-algal symbiosis?

Corals receive nutrition and energy, while zooxanthellae receive protection and nutrients.

What are the two main types of marine species based on salinity tolerance?

Stenohaline and euryhaline species.

What is larval transport?

The horizontal movement of larvae from one point to another.

What happens during recruitment in benthic ecology?

When a larva metamorphoses and adopts a benthic lifestyle.

What are hydrothermal vents known for?

They host chemosynthetic food webs fueled by energy-rich fluids.