Biodiversity, Evolution, and Ecosystem Dynamics

Biodiversity

Variety of genes, species, ecosystems, and life.

Pollinator Gardens

Gardens planted to support pollinator populations.

Cell

Smallest unit of life, forming tissues.

Population Level

Collection of same species in an area.

Community

Populations of different species interacting.

Ecosystem

Community plus nonliving environment interactions.

Biome

Regions with distinctive climates and ecosystems.

Biosphere

All of Earth's ecosystems combined.

Evolution

Genetic changes in populations over generations.

Natural Selection

Process favoring traits passed to offspring.

Adaptive Radiation

Diversification of species from a common ancestor.

Genotype

Genetic makeup of an individual.

Phenotype

Expressed traits or characteristics of an individual.

Gene Mutations

Changes to DNA altering traits.

Extinction

Loss of a species from Earth.

Speciation

Divergence of populations preventing fertile offspring.

Reproductive Isolation

Incompatibility preventing interbreeding between populations.

Gene Flow

Transfer of genetic material between populations.

Genetic Drift

Chance-based change in trait frequency.

Genetic Diversity

Variety of genetic characteristics in a population.

Latitudinal Gradient

Tropical regions have greater species richness.

Convergent Evolution

Different species share similar traits, different histories.

Competition

Reduction of resource availability by individuals.

Intraspecific Competition

Competition among members of the same species.

Interspecific Competition

Competition among different species.

Resource Partitioning

Different species exploit different niches.

Coevolution

Species evolve together, influencing each other's adaptations.

Exponential Growth

Rapid population increase under ideal conditions.

Carrying Capacity

Maximum sustainable population size for a habitat.

Logistic Growth

Realistic population growth pattern considering limits.

Density-Dependent Factors

Factors affecting populations based on density.

Biodiversity Hotspots

Regions vulnerable to extinction with high endemism.

Keystone Species

Species with strong influence on ecosystem diversity.