FP: Parliament and foreign policy

How did Parliament react to James’s peace policies?

With suspicion — MPs wanted an active role against Catholic powers, especially Spain.

What did Parliament demand in 1621?

A war with Spain and an end to the Spanish Match.

What happened when Parliament petitioned James on the Spanish Match?

James saw it as interference in royal prerogative and dissolved Parliament.

What was the ‘Protestation’ of 1621?

A declaration by the Commons asserting their right to discuss foreign policy — James had it torn from the record.

How did this episode affect Crown-Parliament relations?

Deepened mistrust — Parliament believed James was drifting toward absolutism and Catholic sympathies.

How did James finance his foreign policy without Parliament?

29. He relied on subsidies from Spain (via the Match negotiations), monopolies, and loans.