Ways of the World Chapter 1

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17 Terms

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Paleolithic era
Old Stone Age, represents 95 percent of the amount of time humankind has occupied the planet
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Agricultural Revolution
It was highlighted by the deliberate cultivation of plants and the taming and breeding of animals
It directly lead to growing populations, settled villages, and a boom of technological innovation
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pastoral societies
relied on domesticated animals(sheep, goats, horses, camels) to harvest meat hide and for transport and warfare.
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chiefdoms
positions of power would be inherited
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Hinduism is the
oldest and most prominent religion in India
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Upanishads
a series of texts written between 800 and 400 BCE and were in summary, a unified understanding of reality itself from the point of view of Hinduism
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Buddhism
suffering was a direct result of desire and that in order to live a peaceful life, one had to pronounce human weakness and desire in order to reach nirvana
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Siddhartha Gautama
a prince from a small kingdom in north India, the founder of Buddhism, known as the Bhudda
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Theravada Buddhism
portrayed the Buddha as a wise teacher but not divine
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Mahayana Buddhism
later developed and offered a greater accessibility to a spiritual path
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bhakti movement
devotion to several of India’s many gods and goddesses.
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Confucianism
derived from Confucian, a learned aristocrat who believe that in order to reach social and political harmony respect had to be applied to unequal relationships ex: father and son, husband and wife, the older brother and younger brother, ruler and subject
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Han dynasty
was around 200 B.C.E., Confucianism was the official ideology
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Daoism
ridiculed the efforts of Confucianism and urged withdrawing into the world of nature and encouraged behavior that was spontaneous, individualistic, and natural
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Silk Roads
begin around 200 B.C.E. and were a complex system linking China and the Mediterranean world

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Sea Roads
traversed the Indian ocean in the South China Sea and linked the diverse people living between southern China and east Africa
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Sand Roads
linked north Africa in the Mediterranean world with the people of interior west Africa