ALL KEY TERMS APUSH

Cash Crop

A crop produced for commercial value rather than for use by the grower. Examples include tobacco, cotton, and sugar.

Cotton Mather

A New England Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer known for his role in the Salem witch trials and for promoting the practice of inoculation against smallpox.

Cash Crop

A crop produced for commercial value rather than for use by the grower. Examples include tobacco, cotton, and sugar.

Cotton Mather

A New England Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer known for his role in the Salem witch trials and for promoting the practice of inoculation against smallpox.

Iriquois

A group of Native American tribes in the northeastern United States, known for their sophisticated political system and longhouses.

Tuscatora

A Native American tribe located in the southeastern United States, known for their agricultural practices and involvement in early American colonial history.

Albany Plan of Union

A proposal by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 aimed at uniting the thirteen colonies for common defense against French and Native American threats during the French and Indian War.

Navigation Acts

A series of laws passed by the British Parliament in the 17th and 18th centuries that regulated colonial trade and enabled England to collect taxes from the colonies.

Impressment

The act of forcibly recruiting individuals into military service, particularly used by the British Navy during the 18th and early 19th centuries.

4 Largest Colonial Colonies

Philadelphia, Boston, New York, Charleston

Dutch colonies

New York, New Jersey

Prohibitory Act

A law passed by the British Parliament in 1775 that declared the American colonies in rebellion and prohibited trade with them.

Declaratory Act

An act passed by the British Parliament in 1766 that reaffirmed its authority to tax and govern colonies.

Townshend Act

A series of acts passed by the British Parliament in 1767 that imposed duties on imported goods and led to increased tensions between Britain and the American colonies.

John Peter Zenger Trial

A landmark case in 1735 that established the principle of freedom of the press in America, arising from Zenger's criticism of the colonial governor.

Libel

The act of publishing false information that damages a person's reputation, which was a central issue in the John Peter Zenger Trial, ultimately leading to the establishment of press freedom.

Pontiac’s Rebellion

A conflict in 1763 between Native American tribes and British forces, sparked by dissatisfaction with British policies after the French and Indian War.

French and Indian War

A conflict between Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763, which was part of the larger Seven Years' War, leading to significant territorial gains for Britain.

Seven Years War

A global conflict from 1756 to 1763 involving most of the great powers of the time, including battles in Europe, North America, and Asia, often considered the first true world war.

Common Sense

A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 advocating for American independence from British rule, arguing that it was common sense to break away from a tyrannical government.

Chesapeake Bay

A large estuary located in the eastern United States, significant for its role in early American history and as a site of major naval battles during the Revolutionary War.

Thomas Paine

An influential political writer and philosopher, best known for his work "Common Sense" which inspired American colonists to seek independence.

Whigs

A political faction in the United States that emerged in the 1830s, opposing the Democratic Party and advocating for policies such as modernization and economic protectionism.

Tories

A political faction in colonial America that supported British rule and opposed the revolution, often referred to as Loyalists.

Loyalists

Colonial Americans who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution, opposing the independence movement.

Patriots

Colonial Americans who rebelled against British rule and fought for independence during the American Revolution.

Enlightenment

An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority, influencing revolutionary thought.

First Great Awakening

A religious revival movement in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s that emphasized personal faith and emotional expression, leading to increased denominational diversity.

King George III

The King of Great Britain during the American Revolution, known for his opposition to colonial independence and enforcing strict policies against the colonies.

Somerset Decision

A landmark legal case in 1772 in which the British court ruled that slavery was unsupported by common law in England, leading to increased abolitionist sentiments.

Pueblo

Hopi

Creeks

Choctaws

Chickasaw

Cherokee

Tuscatora

Iroquois (Haudenosaunee)

longhouse

Algonquian

Tenochtitlan

Maya

Juan Ponce de Leon

Marcos de Niza

Esteban

Zuni

Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

Teya

Herndando de Soto

Juan Rodrigez Cabrillo

Fort Caroline

St. Augustine

primogeniture

Jacques Cartier

Henry VIII

Anglicans

Puritans

Edward VI

Mary I

Elizabeth I

Francis Drake

privateer

Walter Raleigh

Roanoke

Dutch West India Company

New Amsterdam

Willian Penn

Quakers

North and South Carolina

James Oglethorpe

Louis XIV

Hurons

Jesuits

coureurs de bois

New Orleans

John Rolfe

indentured servants

slave factories

Middle Passage

Olaudah Equiano

Francisco Menendez

House of Burgesses

Boston

New York City

Philadelphia

Triangle Trade

George Whitefield

An influential preacher during the Great Awakening, known for his charismatic oratory and ability to attract large crowds.

Thomas Bell

Samuel Adams

Patrick Henry

Sons of Liberty

Stamp Act Congress

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Sons of Neptune

Boston Massacre

Boston Tea Act

A law passed in 1773 that granted the British East India Company a monopoly on tea sales in the American colonies, leading to widespread protest and the Boston Tea Party.

Daughters of Liberty

A group of women who supported the American Revolution by boycotting British goods and producing homemade items to replace them.

Regulators

A group of American colonists in the 1760s and 1770s who protested against colonial officials and sought to reform local government and tax systems, particularly in North Carolina.

Quebec Act of 1774

First Continental Congress

Articles of Confederation

The first constitution of the United States, established a national government with limited powers and a weak central authority, ultimately replaced by the U.S. Constitution.

Henry Knox

The first Secretary of War under the Articles of Confederation, responsible for organizing the Continental Army and overseeing military logistics during the Revolutionary War.