PRS igcse revision - BUDDHISM

Buddha

Buddha

• someone who recieved enlighenment

• Siddharta Gautama

meditation

a practice to calm and focus the mind

enlightenment

• reaching the true knowlege of self and nature

• gaining freedom from the cycle of birth

four noble truths

• The truth of suffering (Dukkha) 

• The truth of the origin of suffering (Samudāya) 

• The truth of the cessation of suffering (Nirodha) 

• The truth of the path to the cessation of suffering (Magga) 

4NT - dukkha

• everyday pain

• caused by desire, attachment

4NT - magga

• 8 elements that will lead to enlightenment

buddhist practices - 4 noble truths

• accepting suffering

• development on moral character

• ending desire = ending pain

• practicing the 8 fold path

4NT - samudaya

• craving creates suffering

• end craving

3 poisons

• 3 things that keep beings in the cycle of life (samsara)

• greed

• anger

• delusion / ignorance

the 8 fold path

• practices to lead to freedom from the cycle of rebirth (samsara)

• right view - know the truth

• right mindfulness - control your thoughts

• right concentration - practice meditation

• right effort - resist evil

• right livelihood - respect life

• right intention - free the mind of evil

• right speech - dont hurt others with words/swearing

• right action - work for the good of others

3 jewels

• the buddha - enlightened one

• the dharms: teachings of the buddha and the path to enlightenment

• the shangha - the buddhist community

3 marks of existance - anicca

• how resilient a buddhist is

• accept death and suffering

• lead to happiness

3 marks of existance - dukkha

• dissatisfaction

• belief in 3 types of suffering (ordinary, through change, through attachement)

3 marks of existance - anatta

• belief that there is no soul or permanent self

• belief in the energy of a person being reborn, not the soul

5 aggregates / khandas

• human personality is made of 5 parts

• the body - rupa

• feelings - vedana

• perception - samjna

• thoughts - samskara

• awareness - vijnana

5 precepts - buddhist code of conduct to life an ethical life and reach anlighenment

• no killing

• no stealing

• not too much sensual pleasure

• no lying / gossiping

• no drinking / drugs

dhamanpada - buddhist bible

• crucial teachings of the buddha leading to enlightenement

• scripture of wisdom recognised in schools

• highlights importance of why and how buddhists need to exit the cycle of rebirth

marriage - buddhist views

• never metioned in the dhammanpada that buddha is against marriage

• liberal views

• buddha highlights issues that come with marriage

• not a religious duty

death - buddhist views

• should occut in peaceful environment with family

• after death leave the body to rest for 4 hours so that the soul can leave the body

• must be organ donors