zoo WS 1

Matter

Anything that has mass & takes up space

Atom

Basic building block of all matter(living and non living)

Sub-atomic particles

Atoms components ( protons neutrons electrons)

Proton

Positively charged subatomic particle

Neutron

Subatomic particle with no charge

Electrón

Subatomic particle with negative charge

Nucleus

Protons and neutrons

Makes up virtually all mass of an atom

Elements

Atoms of differing size

Atomic number

Number of protons ( corresponds to electrons)

Isotope

Same number of protons, different number of neutrons

Orbital

Where one pair of specific electrons are most likely to be

Energy level

Concentric levels of increasing distance surrounding the nucleus

Concentric

Spherical orbit

Aufbau principle

Electrons occupy lowest energy available closest to the nucleus

Valance level

Outermost energy level for any atom

Octet rule

The tendency of atoms to prefer to have 8 electrons in the valance shell

Duet rule

Unique version of octet rule

Oxidation

Electrón loss

Reduction

Electron gain

Ion

Atom with a charge

Cation

Atom lost an electron giving it a postive charge

Anión

Atom has gained an electron giving it a negative charge

Ionic bond

Two Ions become associated due to their opposite charges

Covalent bond

Atoms share unpaired electrons

Polar covalent bond

Covalent bonds in which polarity exists

Molecule

Formed via covalent bonds may have one or multiple covalent bonds