Chapter 2 | Measurements and Calculations
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25 Terms
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Density equation
d=m/v
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density
the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume; how much matter is in a given area; an intensive property (depends on the composition)
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temperature
measure in Kelvin or Celsius
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Kelvin
based on an absolute zero (no negative numbers)
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Celsius
starts at the freezing point of water (can be negative)
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Length
meter
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Mass
grams
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Volume
amount of space occupied by an object; Liters or m3
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1 cm3=
=1mL
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Tera
trillion; 10^12
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Giga
billion; 10^9
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Mega
million; 10^6
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Kilo
thousand; 10^3
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Centi
hundredth; 10^-2
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Milli
thousandth; 10^-3
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Micro
millionth; 10^-6
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Nano
billionth; 10^-9
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Pico
trillionth; 10^-12
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Conversion Factor
desired unit/given unit
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Accuracy
how close a measurement is to the actual true value
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Precision
how close a series of measurements are to each other
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Accepted value
correct value based on reliable references
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Experimental value
value measured in the lab
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Significant Figures
the digits that carry meaning contributing to its precision
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Significant Figures Rules
Every non-zero digit is significant (1-9)
Zeros in between non-zero digits are significant (308)
Zeros to the left of non-zero digits are NOT significant (0.000087)
Zeros to the right of non-zero digits if there is a decimal point (0.05080)
Zeros in between non-zero digits are significant (308)
Zeros to the left of non-zero digits are NOT significant (0.000087)
Zeros to the right of non-zero digits if there is a decimal point (0.05080)