Tolar Microbiology 220 Chapter 22

fungemia

an infection by fungi of the brain, kidneys, and other organs

mycotoxicoses

fungal toxins usually caused by ingesting or inhaling fungal spores (toxins)

mycoses

fungal infections caused by true fungal pathogens and opportunistic pathogens

dermatophytoses

-fungal infections strictly confined to keratinized epidermis of skin, hair, nails

-ringworm and tinea

pneumocystis pneumonia

the most prominent opportunistic fungal infection in AIDS patients that forms secretions in the lungs that block breathing and can be fatal

aflatoxin

-a fungal toxin that is carcinogenic and found commonly in grains, corn, peanuts

-lethal to poultry, livestock, and humans

thermal dimorphism

these fungal organisms grow as molds at 30°C and as yeasts at 37°C

candida albicans

-forms an off-white, pasty colony with a yeasty odor

-thrush

subcutaneous mycoses

occur after a puncture wound has introduced a fungus deeper into the hypodermis

vulvovaginal infection

a painful inflammatory condition of the female genital region that causes ulceration and discharge of yeast by-product

tinea cruris

ringworm of the groin (jock itch)

opportunistic fungal pathogen

-fungi with little or no virulence except when host defenses must be impaired

-a medical concern because they account for 10% of all nosocomial infections

tinea pedis

ringworm of foot (athletes foot)

tinea capitis

ringworm of scalp

cutaneous mycoses

involve fungal infections of the stratum corneum and occasionally the upper dermis

cryptococcus

a common opportunistic fungal encapsulated yeast pathogen that inhabits soil around pigeon roosts

tinea corporis

ringworm of body

systemic mycoses

the fungus disseminates from the lungs or other sites into the circulation throughout the body

tinea unguium

ringworm of the nails

superficial mycoses

consist of extremely shallow epidermal colonizations of fungi