International Law Review

Concepts of International Law (8)

• Sovereignty 

• Extradition

• Diplomatic immunity 

• Rule of Law

• Innocent until proven guilty 

• Precedence

• Signatory

• Ratification

Governmental Organizations

• The United Nations

• The WTO (World Trade Organization)

What do NGO’s do?

Monitor how countries implement their treaties, send a “shadow report” to UN security board.

NGO’s

Amnesty International, HR watch, RC

Sources of International Law (4)

• Treaties

• Customary Laws

• Legal Principles

• Past Judicial Positions

Enforcement Measures

• Economic sanctions

• Boycotting trade

• Trade Embargoes

• Arrest/Trial/Prosecution (ICC)

Peacekeeping Operation Mandates

• Consent of all parties

• Impartiality

• Non-Use of Force (bar defence of self/mandate)

What is the ICJ?

International Court of Justice — Est. 1945/’46

15 perm members, sit for 9 yrs

What is the UDHR?

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

A UN convention [est.’48]

Non-binding to state members, acts as blueprint

What 2 treaties were adopted to strengthen UDHR?

In 1966 —

• CPR (Civil/Political Rights)

• ESC (International Convent on Economic/Social/Cultural Rights)

Added onto UDHR, these convents make up the Bill of Rights.

What is the CPPCG

The Covenant on Prevention/Punishment of Crime Genocide

[Est. 1948] Redefines bare human dignity after the failure of WWII. Legally binding.