Gastrointestinal System nurse chueng

Question 1: Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down

carbohydrates in the mouth?

Amylase

Question 2: The process by which digested nutrients pass into the

blood vessels in the wall of the intestine is called:

Absorption

Question 3: Which hormone stimulates the gallbladder to release bile?

Cholecystokinin cck

Question 4: The stomach's primary role in digestion is:

Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

Question 5: Which section of the GI tract is primarily responsible for

water absorption

Large intestine

Question 6: Bile is produced by the ______ and stored in the ______.

Liver; gallbladder

Question 7: Which hormone decreases blood sugar levels by allowing

cells to take in glucose?

Insulin

Question 8: The primary function of the pyloric sphincter is to:

Control the flow of chyme from the stomach to the

small intestine

Question 9: In which section of the small intestine does the majority

of digestion and absorption occur?

Duodenum

Question 10: The process of breaking down food into smaller pieces

without chemical change is known as:

Mechanical digestion

Question 11: Which hormone is released by the pancreas to raise blood

sugar levels by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen to glucose?

Glucagon

Question 12: The process by which food is moved through the digestive

tract by alternating contractions and relaxations of smooth muscles

is called:

Peristalsis

Question 13: Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in

the stomach?

Pepsin

Question 14: The ring of muscles at the end of the large intestine that

controls the passage of feces out of the body is the:

Anal sphincter

Question 15: Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the

liver?

Absorbing water and electrolytes

Question 16: Which enzyme, produced by the pancreas, is responsible

for breaking down fats in the small intestine?

Pancreatic lipase

Question 17: The first portion of the large intestine, which connects to

the small intestine, is known as:

Cecum

Question 18: Which hormone stimulates the secretion of gastric juices

in response to food entering the stomach?

Gastrin

Question 19: The function of bile in the digestive process is to:

Emulsify fats for digestion

Question 20: The primary function of the esophagus is to:

Transport food from the mouth to the stomach

Question 21: Which of the following is NOT a primary secretion of the

pancreas?

Bile

Question 22: The final segment of the colon before the rectum is the:

Sigmoid colon

Question 23: The stomach lining is protected from the acidic gastric

juices by:

Mucus secretion

Question 24: The elimination of undigested food and waste from the

body is known as:

Defecation

Question 25: Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release

of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid?

Secretin

Question 26: Mechanical digestion begins in which part of the

digestive system?

Mouth

Question 27: The process by which food is moved from the pharynx to

the stomach is known as:

Deglutition

Question 28: Which enzyme, present in the small intestine, breaks

down maltose into glucose?

Maltase

Question 29: The absorption of most nutrients, including amino acids

and monosaccharides, primarily takes place in the:

small intestine

Question 30: Which hormone, produced by the alpha cells of the

pancreas, acts to raise blood glucose levels?

Glucagon

Question 31: The primary function of cholecystokinin (CCK) released

from the small intestine is to:

Cause the gallbladder to release stored bile

Question 32: The finger-like projections that increase the surface area

in the small intestine, allowing for increased absorption of nutrients,

are known as:

Villi

Question 33: Which enzyme, secreted by the stomach, is activated by

hydrochloric acid and is essential for protein digestion?

Pepsin

Question 34: The muscular ring located at the end of the esophagus

that prevents the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus is

the:

Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

Question 35: Which phase of digestion involves the voluntary process

of placing food into the mouth?

Ingestion

is of carb and protein metabolism. Creates bile to help with the break down of lipids in the sm intestine

liver

produces pancreatic juices to help neutralize chyme

pancreas

stores the bile produce by the liver

gallbladder

is the shortest segment of the small intestine. Has chemical digestion of chyme that breaks down fats, protiens and carbs, absorbs iron and other minerals.

duodemum

MIDDLE SEGMENT OF SMALL INTESTINE ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS CARBOHYDRATES AND PROTEINS ARE ABSORBED INTO THE BLOODSTREAM

jejunum

FINAL SEGMENT OF SMALL INTESTINE ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS VITAMIN B12, BILE SALTS, AND PRODUCTS OF DIGESTION ARE ABSORBED

Ileum

FIRST SEGMENT OF LARGE INTESTINE, ABSORBS WATER AND SALTS SOLIDIFY WASTE INTO FORMED STOOL

ASCENDING COLON

LONGEST MOST MOBILE PART OF LARGE INTESTINE. STORAGE SITE FOR DIGESTED FOOD

MORE ABSORPTION OF WATER AND SALTS

TRANSVERSE COLON

DESCENDING SEGMENT OF LARGE INTESTINE, CARRIES SOLID WASTE TOWARD THE RECTUM

MORE ABSORPTION OF WATER AND MINERALS STORE FECES UNTIL DEFECATION

DESCENDING COLON

PRODUCED BY LIVER STORED IN GALLBLADDER EMULSIFIES FATS

bile