Routers and Routing Protocols

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to routers, routing protocols, and inter-VLAN routing.

Router

An important piece of network equipment that forwards packets between computer networks, operating primarily at the network layer of the OSI model.

Broadcast Domain

A logical division of a network where all nodes can reach each other via broadcast.

Routing Table

A table used by routers to make decisions on where to route packets based on destination IP addresses.

Directly Connected Routes

Computer networks that are physically connected to the router.

Static Routes

Routes configured manually by a network administrator.

Dynamic Routes

Routes learned from other routers, populated without direct administrator input.

Default-Gateway

The first layer 3 interface a host will reach; the first port on the router a host can reach.

Autonomous Systems

Computer networks under common administration with a common routing strategy.

Autonomous System Routers (ASR)

Routers within an autonomous system.

Autonomous System Border Routers (ASBR)

Routers on the border between autonomous systems.

Routed Protocols

Protocols that assist an application in getting data transferred at the network layer by providing network layer addresses.

Routing Protocols

Protocols that assist routers in communicating with each other to update and share routing tables dynamically.

Interior Routing Protocols

Routing protocols designed to handle routing inside an autonomous system.

Exterior Routing Protocols

Routing protocols designed to handle routing between autonomous systems.

Administrative Distance

A feature routers use to select the best path when there are multiple routes to the same destination from different routing protocols; defines the reliability of a routing protocol.

Metric

The measure used by a routing protocol to decide which route is better (lower number is better).

Classful Routing Protocols

Routing protocols that do not support advertising networks using VLSM and only advertise based on the class of the IPv4 address.

Classless Routing Protocols

Routing Protocols will support advertising networks using VLSM.

Distance Vector Routing Protocols

Routing protocols that determine the best path to a network based on distance (number of hops).

Link State Routing Protocols

Routing protocols where each participating router builds a unique topology of the network to build its routing table.

Hybrid Routing Protocols

A routing protocol combining aspects of both distance vector and link state protocols.

Path Vector Routing Protocols

Routing protocols that maintain path information and attempt to avoid routing loops both inside and between autonomous systems.

Interior Border Gateway Protocol (iBGP)

BGP configured for internal routing within an autonomous system.

Exterior Border Gateway Protocol (eBGP)

BGP configured for external routing between autonomous systems.

Inter-VLAN Routing

The concept of a router facilitating communication between VLANs.

Sub-Interfaces

Allows a single physical port on a router to have multiple logical addresses for multiple VLANs.

Switch Virtual Interfaces (SVIs) / Routed VLAN Interfaces (RVIs)

Layer 3 interfaces created on a switch, allowing for a logical address to be assigned to the switch for remote management.