LectureTopic22-Plant+growth

Meristems

Perpetually embryonic tissue in plants allowing for indeterminate growth.

Apical Meristems

Located at the tips of roots and shoots, responsible for elongation through primary growth.

Primary Growth

Growth that increases the length of stems and roots via apical meristems.

Secondary Growth

Growth that increases the thickness of woody plants via lateral meristems.

Vascular Cambium

A lateral meristem that adds layers of vascular tissue, producing secondary xylem and phloem.

Cork Cambium

A lateral meristem that replaces the epidermis with cork, forming periderm.

Stele

The vascular system of a root or a stem.

Endodermis

The innermost layer of the cortex in plant roots.

Ground Tissue

Fills the cortex, located between the vascular cylinder and the epidermis.

Xylem

Vascular tissue that transports water and minerals upward from the roots.

Phloem

Vascular tissue that transports sugars from leaves to other parts of the plant.

Epidermis

The protective outer layer of plant tissues.

Stomata

Small openings on leaves that allow for gas exchange; flanked by guard cells.

Mesophyll

The ground tissue in a leaf where photosynthesis occurs.

Parenchyma

A type of plant tissue involved in photosynthesis, storage, and tissue repair.

Sclerenchyma

Supportive tissue in plants comprised of thick, lignified cell walls.

Growth Rings

Layers of secondary xylem and phloem indicating annual growth patterns.

Guard Cells

Cells that control the opening and closing of stomata to regulate gas exchange.

Axillary Buds

Develop from meristematic cells at the bases of leaf primordia.

Vascular Tissue

Tissue that conducts water, minerals, and nutrients in plants.