DNZ Unit 2

Which parasite species is the primary cause of Cutaneous Larva Migrans in North America?

Ancylostoma braziliense

The skin condition characterized by elevated, serpiginous, vesicular tracts from hookworm larvae is known as _____.

Cutaneous Larva Migrans

What are two common names for the disease caused by Cutaneous Larva Migrans?

Plumber's itch or sandworms.

Identify the primary first-line treatment for Cutaneous Larva Migrans in humans.

Thiabendazole

In the context of Cutaneous Larva Migrans, what is the significance of humans as 'incidental' hosts?

The larvae cannot complete their life cycle and eventually die in the skin.

Which parasitic species are commonly associated with the development of Visceral Larva Migrans?

Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, and Baylisascaris procyonis.

What is the primary mode of transmission for humans to contract Visceral Larva Migrans?

Ingestion of eggs from contaminated soil.

Which clinical sign is frequently observed in children infected with Visceral Larva Migrans?

Hepatomegaly

In Visceral Larva Migrans, larvae typically migrate from the liver to which other three organs?

The heart, brain, and lungs.

Which diagnostic bloodwork finding is characteristic of a Visceral Larva Migrans infection?

Increased eosinophils.

Identify the primary causative genus of Ocular Larva Migrans.

Toxocara

What is a characteristic clinical sign of Ocular Larva Migrans visible during an ophthalmic exam?

Retinal granuloma

Besides thiabendazole and surgery, what class of medication is used to treat Ocular Larva Migrans?

Steroids

What is the common name for parasites in the genus Toxocara?

Roundworms

Identify the distinct 'pot belly' clinical sign often associated with heavy infestations of which parasite in puppies?

Roundworms

What is the most common diagnostic method for detecting roundworm eggs in pets?

Fecal flotation

Which three medications are standard treatments for canine and feline roundworms?

Pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole, and ivermectin.

Identify the three primary genera of hookworms found in dogs and cats.

Ancylostoma, Uncinaria, and Bunostomum.

What major hematologic clinical sign is caused by the blood-feeding behavior of hookworms?

Anemia

Which specific anthelmintic combination is known as 'Drontal Plus' for treating hookworms?

Praziquantel, pyrantel, and febantel.

Identify the primary species of whipworm that affects dogs.

Trichuris vulpis

According to the source material, how common are whipworm infections in cats?

They are considered rare.

What is the zoonotic status of the canine whipworm, Trichuris vulpis?

It is not considered zoonotic.

What is the primary intermediate host for the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum?

Fleas

Which diagnostic cue involves finding 'segments' that look like grains of rice on a pet's feces or around the anus?

Proglottids

Identify the intermediate host for the tapeworm species Taenia pisiformis.

Rabbits

Which medication is highly effective against both Dipylidium and Taenia tapeworm species?

Praziquantel

What is the scientific name of the causative agent for heartworm disease in dogs and cats?

Dirofilaria immitis

How is Dirofilaria immitis transmitted between animals?

Through the bite of an infected mosquito.

The immature stage of the heartworm found in the bloodstream is known as _____.

Microfilaria

Identify a severe clinical sign of canine heartworm disease related to heart failure.

Ascites

What is the standard diagnostic test used to detect adult heartworm antigens?

ELISA

In feline heartworm disease, what is the general prognosis for treatment according to the source?

There is no specific treatment, and the disease is often self-limiting.

Which tick-borne protozoan parasite is known for looking like 'balls' inside red blood cells?

Babesia canis

What is the primary tick vector for Babesia canis in dogs?

Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Brown dog tick).

Identify the two main medications used to treat Babesiosis.

Tetracycline and imidocarb.

Which feline-specific protozoan disease is colloquially known as 'Bobcat Fever'?

Cytauxzoon felis

Which tick species is the primary vector for Cytauxzoon felis?

Amblyomma americanum (Lone star tick).

What is the typical clinical outcome for a cat infected with Cytauxzoon felis without rapid treatment?

Death

Identify the characteristic clinical sign of Giardia infection related to stool quality.

Steatorrhea (fatty, chronic diarrhea).

Which specific fecal flotation solution is recommended for the diagnosis of Giardia?

Zinc sulfate

Identify the genus of protozoa that causes Coccidiosis in dogs and cats.

Cystoisospora

Which two drugs are commonly used to treat Coccidiosis?

Albon (Sulfadimethoxine) and Ponazuril.

Which protozoan parasite is a major concern for pregnant women due to its potential to cause abortion or birth defects?

Toxoplasma gondii

What is the first-line antibiotic treatment for Toxoplasmosis in cats?

Clindamycin

Identify the three main genera of mosquitoes discussed as vectors in the source material.

Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex.

Which arthropod is responsible for the 'New World Screwworm' infection?

Cochliomyia hominivorax

What is the recommended treatment for a 'Cuterebra' infestation (warbles)?

Surgical removal.

Identify the scientific term for an infestation of lice.

Pediculosis

Lice in the order Mallophaga are characterized by which feeding behavior?

Chewing or biting.

Lice in the order Anoplura are characterized by which feeding behavior?

Bloodsucking

Identify the most common flea species found on both dogs and cats.

Ctenocephalides felis

How can 'flea dirt' be definitively identified on a pet's coat?

Moisten the debris with water to see if it turns red (indicating digested blood).

Which tick species is commonly known as the 'Deer Tick'?

Ixodes scapularis

Which tick species is commonly known as the 'American Dog Tick'?

Dermacentor variabilis

Which tick species is commonly known as the 'Lone Star Tick'?

Amblyomma americanum

What neurological condition can be caused by the saliva of certain female ticks?

Tick paralysis

Identify the causative mite of Feline Scabies.

Notoedres cati

What is a characteristic clinical sign of Notoedres cati infection in cats?

Yellow crusting on the head, neck, and ears.

Identify the causative mite of Canine Scabies (Sarcoptic Mange).

Sarcoptes scabiei

What is the standard diagnostic procedure for confirming a Scabies infestation?

Superficial skin scrape.

Identify the scientific name for the common ear mite of dogs and cats.

Otodectes cynotis

What does the typical ear discharge look like in an Otodectes cynotis infestation?

Dark, waxy exudate resembling coffee grounds.

Which skin mite is a normal inhabitant of animal skin but can cause disease if the immune system is compromised?

Demodex canis

What is the required diagnostic method for detecting Demodex mites?

Deep skin scrape (until capillary bleeding occurs).

Why is it recommended not to breed dogs that have suffered from generalized demodicosis?

The condition has a known genetic predisposition.

Which parasite is colloquially known as 'Walking Dandruff'?

Cheyletiella species.

Identify the clinical sign associated with Trombicula species (chiggers).

Orange crusts and intense pruritus.

What is the zoonotic status of Toxocara canis?

It is zoonotic (causes VLM and OLM).

Which parasite treatment involves a three-step process including heartworm prevention followed by two separate adulticide treatments?

Canine Heartworm Disease

Identify the preferred diagnostic test for identifying lice or Cheyletiella mites besides a coat exam.

Cellophane tape exam.

What is the primary method of preventing Toxoplasmosis in humans regarding food safety?

Do not eat raw or undercooked meat.

Which protozoan parasite is diagnosed using a fecal flotation with iodine stain?

Giardia

In hookworm infections, what is the typical description of the stool?

Bloody or tarry (melena).

What is the geographic distribution of the New World Screwworm?

North America

Identify the primary clinical sign of a Cuterebra infestation.

Swelling with a central breathing hole (opening).

Which parasite is associated with 'plumber's itch'?

Ancylostoma species (Hookworms).

Identify the specific order of fleas.

Siphonaptera

Which louse species is a common 'chewing' louse of dogs?

Trichodectes canis

Which louse species is a common 'chewing' louse of cats?

Felicola subrostrata

What is the zoonotic status of Sarcoptes scabiei?

It is zoonotic.

Identify the scientific name for the 'Brown Dog Tick'.

Rhipicephalus sanguineus

Which anthelmintic is used as a topical otic treatment for ear mites?

Ivermectin or milbemycin.

Identify the term for a parasitic disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

Zoonosis

What is the recommended prevention for Giardia regarding the environment?

Decontamination of the premises and prompt fecal removal.

Which internal parasite is described as looking like 'spaghetti' when seen as adults in vomit or stool?

Roundworms (Toxocara spp.).

Identify the diagnostic method used to see the 'rice-like' segments of tapeworms.

Gross examination of feces or the perineal area.

Which parasite causes 'unthrifty' haircoat and weight loss but is primarily limited to dogs?

Trichuris vulpis (Whipworm).

What is the primary prevention for Heartworm disease in both dogs and cats?

Monthly heartworm preventative medication.

Identify the tick family name for 'hard ticks' like Ixodes and Dermacentor.

Ixodidae