plant biochemistry (secondary products)
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11 Terms
Primary products
Occurs in all plant cells, necessary for cell survival
Secondary products
Specialized differentiated cells, small amounts, benefits plant as whole,often physiologically active/psychoactive effects
Functions of secondary products
Detoxifiers (neutralize waste product/toxins), chemical defense, attractants (luring pollinators/dispersers)
Pharmacological uses of secondary products
Hormones, anti-cancer agents, antibiotics, narcotics, stimulants, depressants, antihistamines, hallucinogens, poisons, pesticides
3 major groups of secondary products
Alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics
Alkaloids
Nitrogen in heterocyclic rings, bitter/potentially toxic, evolved anti-herbivore/antibiotic defense, pharmacologically active (medical, poisonous, hallucinogenic)
Terpenoids
Built from five carbon isoprene, scents (volatile or essential oils), medicinal or antibiotic properties
Terpenoids glycosides
Sugars attached to non-sugar terpenoids (aglycones), cardiac or steroidal
Cardiac glycosides
Stimulating effect on heart
Saponin or steroidal glycosides
Mammalian hormone precursors
Phenolics
Aromatic ring attached to hydroxyl group, plant pigments/poisons, medicinal drugs
Note 
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