The Block 3 combined set of doom and despair (skull holes, cranial n's, back muscles)

bro nobody studying multifidus

Serratus Posterior Superior

O: ligamentum nuchae, transverse processes of C7-T2 or T3 I: upper ribs 2-5

Serratus Posterior Inferior

O: Transverse processes of T11-L2 I: lower ribs 9-12

Splenius Capitis

O: lower ligamentum nuchae, transverse processes of C3-T3 I: mastoid and superior nuchal line of occiput

Splenius Cervicis

O: Transverse processes of T3-T6 I: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4

Iliocostalis Lumborum

O: Common tendinous origin, sacrum, iliac crest I: lower border of angle of ribs (5)6-12

Iliocostalis thoracis

O: upper border of angle of ribs 6-12 I: lower border of angle of ribs 1-6 (sometimes transverse of C7)

Iliocostalis Cervicis

O: Angle of ribs 1-6 I: transverse of C4-C6

Longissimus Thoracis

O: Common tendinous origin, sacrum, iliac crest I: all transverse processes of all thoracic vertebrae, all ribs b/w angles and tubercles

Longissimus Cervicis

O: transverse processes of T1-T5(6) I: transverse processes of C2-C6

Longissimus Capitis

O: middle + lower cervical - transverse and articular, upper thoracic - transverse I: posterior mastoid process

Spinalis Thoracis

O: common tendinous origin, iliac crest, sacrum I: Spinous processes of T3(4) - T8(9)

Spinalis Cervicis

O: Spinous process of C6-T2 I: Spinous of C2 (maybe C3,C4)

Spinalis Capitis

O: spinous processes of upper thoracic and lower cervical I: b/w superior and inferior nuchal lines

Semispinalis Thoracis

O: Transverse processes of T6-T12 I: spinous of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae

Semispinalis Cervicis

O: Transverse processes of T1-T6 I: Spinous processes of C2-C5(6)

Semispinalis Capitis

O: Transverse processes of T1-T6, Articular processes of C4-C7 I: b/w superior and inferior nuchal lines

Long rotators

O: Transverse process of vertebrae I: Skips one to insert on spinous process above

Short rotators

O: Transverse process I: Spinous process of vertebrae above

Levator costarum

O: transverse process I: rib below

Obliquus Capitis Superior

O: Transverse process of atlas I: Occipital bone

Obliquus capitis inferior

O: Spinous process of axis I: Transverse process of atlas

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

O: Spinous process of axis I: occipital bone inferior to obliquus capitis superior

Rectus Capitis posterior minor

O: posterior tubercle of atlas I: Occipital bone (medial to rectus capitis posterior major)

I. Olfactory n.

superior nasal concha —> cribriform plate —> olfactory bulb, smell olfaction

II. Optical n.

vision, technically not a nerve, afferent pupillary light reflex

Pituitary tumors vs. Macular degradation

two conditions of the eye affecting vision, the first involving compression of the optic chiasm which results in tunnel vision and the second involving central retinal degradation —> loss of central fov

III. Oculomotor n. 3.

muscles of eye barring superior oblique (IV) and lateral rectus (VI), autonomic motor fibers for constricting pupils, and close range focusing. Efferent pupillary light reflex

IV. Trochlear n.

Superior oblique, only CN origination on dorsum

V1 Trigeminal n. , Ophthalmic Division

Anterior 2/3rds of scalp, all sinuses besides maxillary (V2) —> supraorbital n. Afferent corneal reflex from nasociliary n.

V2 Trigeminal n. , Maxillary Division

Afferent sneeze reflex —> infraorbital n.

V3 Trigeminal n. , Mandibular Division

anterior 2/3rds of tongue, general sense of tongue, muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid), Affferent and efferent of jaw jerk reflex

VI. Abducens n.

Lateral rectus of eye

VII. Facial n. 7. (pons)

voluntary muscles of facial expression, platysma muscle, taste from anterior 2/3rds of tongue via chorda tympani, controls tears, saliva, mucus leaves internal auditory meatus —> facial canal —> stylomastoid foramen Efferent of corneal reflex

Clinical relevance of facial nerve within facial canal

compression or damage can cause Bell’s palsy (face droop unilaterally)

VIII. Vestibulocochlear n.

two parts, exits through internal auditory meatus, cochlear for hearing, vestibule for balance

IX. Glossopharyngeal n. 9. (medulla)

Provides sensory innervation to pharynx, larynx, and middle ear; motor function to stylopharyngeus muscle for swallowing; afferent role in gag reflex; innervates parotid gland (largest salivary gland)

X. Vagus n. 10. (Medulla)

branches to lungs, heart, esophagus, stomach, liver, small intestine, proximal 2/3 of colon, superior and inferior ganglion, pain and reflexes. motor to pharynx, larynx, sensory to larynx. both of cough reflex, efferent for sneeze and gag reflex.

XI. Spinal Accessory n.

SCM, trapezius

XII. Hypoglossal n.

skeletal muscles of tongue

nerves off V3

buccal, lingual, inferior alveolar, auriculotemporal (sensory), mylohyoid n. (motor)

Cribriform plate

olfactory n., anterior and posterior ethmoidal aa.

Optic Canal

Optic n., ophthalmic a.

Superior Orbital Fissure

Superior ophthalmic v. , Lacrimal n., Frontal n. , Trochlear n., Abducens n. , Oculomotor n. , Nasociliary n.

Foramen rotundum

Maxillary n. (CN V2)

Foramen ovale

Mandibular n. (CN V3)

Carotid Canal

internal carotid a., internal carotid sympathetic plexus

Foramen spinosum

middle meningeal a., meningeal branch of mandibular n. (CN V3)

Hiatus of canal for lesser petrosal n.

Lesser petrosal n., superior tympanic a.

Hiatus of canal for greater petrosal n.

Greater petrosal n.

Internal auditory canal

Labyrinthine a. and v. , Vestibulocochlear n. , Facial n.

Jugular foramen

internal jugular v. , Glossopharyngeal n. , Vagus n. , Accessory n. , Inferior petrosal sinus , posterior meningeal a.

Foramen magnum

spinal v. , anterior spinal a. , posterior spinal a. , spinal cord, accessory n., vertebral a.

Condylar canal

Condylar emissary v.

Hypoglossal canal

Hypoglossal n. , venous plexus of hypoglossal canal

Mastoid foramen

Emissary v.

Stylomastoid foramen

facial n. , stylomastoid a.

Petrotympanic fissure

anterior tympanic a. , chorda tympani

Foramen lacerum

deep petrosal n. , greater petrosal n.

Lesser palatine foramina

lesser palatine n. and a.

Greater palatine foramen

greater palatine n. and a.

Incisive canal

nasopalatine n. , nasopalatine a.