Chapter 15 - Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Polysaccharides

Polysaccharides

________ are made up of cyclic monosaccharides like glucose.

catenate

Although silicon and many other elements ________, none of them produce chains as stable as carbons.

organic molecules

Several million ________ have been discovered or synthesized, and thousands more are found or synthesized each year.

Dehydration condensation

________ processes produce the three forms of natural polymers: polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Carbon

________ has the characteristic of catenation, which allows it to bind to one or more other ________ atoms, resulting in a plethora of chemically and thermally stable chain, ring, and branching compounds:

Electron configuration

________, electronegativity, and bonding are all terms used to describe electrons.

metallic element

Carbon, located in Period 2, has an electronegativity (EN= 2.5) that is halfway between that of the most ________ (Li, EN= 1.0) and that of the most nonmetallic active element (F, EN= 4.0)

structural complexity of organic molecules

The ________ is due to carbon's small size, intermediate electronegativity, four valence electrons, and capacity to form numerous bonds.

Proteins

polyamides made up of up to 20 distinct kinds of amino acids.

Organic molecules

________ are notable for their vast quantity and varied chemical behavior, in addition to their intricate structures.

Carbon

________ creates covalent bonds rather than ionic bonds in all of its elemental and chemical forms.