Time period 2 review

When was Jamestown established?

1607 and it was the first permanent english colony

Why was the location of Jamestown bad?

Because there was terrible soil and bad water that led to disease

John Smith

Helped found and govern Jamestown. His leadership and strict discipline helped the Virginia colony get through the difficult first winter. Because of him thye hardly survived the first 5 years.

What tribe kept the English alive during the first winter?

Powhatan

John Rolfe

He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown (and he married Pocahontas). He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export, which made Virginia an economically successful colony.

Indentured Servants

Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for 5-7 years. They were freed at the end of their term

Head right system

Any person who migrated to Virginia would automatically receive 50 acres of land and any immigrant whose passage they paid would entitle them to 50 acres more.

House of Burgesses

Established in 1619, created a limited representative Boyd composed of white landowners, first form of democracy in the new world

Mayflower Compact

1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.

Massachusetts Bay Colony

1629 - King Charles gave the Puritans a right to settle and govern a colony in the Massachusetts Bay area. The colony established political freedom and a representative government.

Great Migration

a movement of religious and political conflict in England in the 1630s that drove some 15,000 settlers to the Massachusetts Bay colony

Creation of Maryland

1632- King Charles I gives Lord Baltimore (George Calvert) land to create a new colony, which would be occupied by both Protestants and Catholics

Maryland Toleration Act

passed in 1649. It granted religious freedom to Christians living in Maryland

Providence

Roger Williams fled Boston and created Providence in 1636. He created one of the first Baptist churches in America. The government allowed Catholics, Quakers and Jews to worship. Providence recognized the rights of Natives and paid them for their land.

Roger Williams

A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south

What did Roger Williams believe?

separation of church and state

Anne Hutchinson

A Puritan woman who disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.

Navigation Acts

Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.

Dominion of New England

The new king, James II combined NY,NJ, and other New England colonies into the Dominion of New England. Sir Edmund Android was sent from England to be the governor. He was a very unpopular governor because of how he treated the colonists. This fell apart in 1688 when James II was overthrown

William Penn

A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution.

Quakers

Protestant reformers who believe in the equality of all people, society of friends

Bacon's Rebellion

Nathaniel Bacon leads followers against corrupt VA governor William Berkeley but dies suddenly in 1676. Bacons army burned the Jamestown settlement. It helped to decrease the power of the plantation-elites and to improve life for farmers and indentured servants but lead to importation of slave labor.

Sir William Berkeley

the royal governor of Virginia. Adopted policies that favored large planters. His shortcomings led to Bacon's Rebellion

John Locke

17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.

Enlightenment

A philosophical movement which started in Europe in the 1700's and spread to the colonies. It emphasized reason and the scientific method. Writers of the enlightenment tended to focus on government, ethics, and science, rather than on imagination, emotions, or religion. Many members of the Enlightenment rejected traditional religious beliefs in favor of Deism, which holds that the world is run by natural laws without the direct intervention of God.

Great Awakening

Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established.

Triangular Trade Route

Three-sided trade route among England, Africa, and the North American colonies; included the slave trade.

Mercantilism

An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought

New England Confederation

1643 - Formed to provide for the defense of the four New England colonies (Plymouth, Massachusetts bay, Connecticut, and New Haven), and also acted as a court in disputes between colonies.

Conneticut Religion

Mix but mostly puritans (religiously tolerant)

Massachusetts Bay Colony Religion

Puritans (very strict)

New Hampshire Religion

Puritan (strict)

Pennsylvania religion

Quakers

New York religion

Religiously tolerant

Maryland Religion

Catholic

New York

Colony that was acquired from the Dutch