lecture recording on 26 February 2025 at 14.21.27 PM
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18 Terms
1
ER signal sequence
A portion of a protein's amino acid sequence that directs it to the rough endoplasmic reticulum for processing.
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2
Signal Recognition Particle (SRP)
A protein that binds to the ER signal sequence on a nascent protein to facilitate its entry into the endoplasmic reticulum.
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3
Translocon
The channel protein in the endoplasmic reticulum that allows the translocation of polypeptides into the ER lumen.
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4
Cisternae
Flattened membrane-bound compartments found in the Golgi apparatus that are involved in the processing and sorting of proteins.
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5
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
A cellular process by which cells internalize molecules (such as nutrients) using specific transmembrane receptors.
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6
Phagocytosis
The process by which certain cells engulf large particles or microorganisms, forming a phagosome.
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7
Autophagy
A cellular process that degrades damaged or unnecessary cellular components by enclosing them in autophagosomes and delivering them to lysosomes for breakdown.
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8
Actin filaments (microfilaments)
The smallest components of the cytoskeleton, involved in cell shape, structure, and movement.
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9
Intermediate filaments
Cytoskeletal components that provide structural support and resilience to cells, with a diameter between actin filaments and microtubules.
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10
Microtubules
The largest cytoskeletal fibers, hollow tubes essential for vesicle transport and cell division
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11
Myosin
A motor protein that interacts with actin filaments to facilitate muscle contraction and cell movement.
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12
Acid hydrolases
Enzymes found in lysosomes that break down various biomolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides.
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13
Golgi apparatus
An organelle involved in the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
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14
Lysosome
An organelle that contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.
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15
Vesicle
A small membrane-bound sac that transports substances within or outside of a cell.
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16
Cargo
Molecules or materials that are packed and transported by vesicles in cellular processes.
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17
Chaperones
Proteins that assist in the proper folding and assembly of other proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum.
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18
Oligosaccharides
Short chains of monosaccharides that are attached to proteins or lipids and play roles in cell signaling and recognition.
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