Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions Practice Flashcards

A comprehensive set of practice questions based on lecture notes covering the characteristics of mixtures (solutions, colloids, suspensions), the components and types of solutions, concentration formulas, and the environmental factors affecting solubility.

What is a solution?

A solution is a homogeneous mixture that is made up of uniform composition.

What are some examples of solutions provided in the lecture?

Drinking water, air, tea, and sea water.

How is a colloid defined?

A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture that looks homogeneous.

What are four examples of colloids?

Milk, gelatin, blood, and smog.

What is a suspension?

A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture that has large particles distributed in a gas or liquid.

What are some examples of suspensions?

Muddy water, flour in water, and dust in air.

Compare the particle sizes of solutions, colloids, and suspensions.

Solution particles are so small; colloid particles are medium in size; suspension particles are large.

How does light interact with solutions, colloids, and suspensions?

Light is not scattered by solutions; light passes through a colloid partially (it is scattered); light is scattered by the particles in a suspension.

Which of the three mixture types (solutions, colloids, or suspensions) have particles that settle out?

Only particles of a suspension settle out.

Which of the three mixture types can have their particles separated by a filter?

Only particles of a suspension can be separated by a filter.

What are the two components that make up a solution?

Solute and Solvent.

What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

The solute is the substance being dissolved and is found in a smaller amount, while the solvent is the substance doing the dissolving and is found in a larger amount.

What are the solute and solvent in carbonated soda water?

The solute is Carbon dioxide and the solvent is Water.

What are the solute and solvent in salt water?

The solute is Salt and the solvent is Water.

In the solution known as 'Air', what are the solute and solvent?

The solute is Oxygen and the solvent is Nitrogen.

What are the components of the alloy Bronze?

The solute is Tin and the solvent is Copper.

What is the definition of concentration?

Concentration is the measure of the amount of a solute in the whole solution.

How is mass concentration calculated?

$$\text{Mass Concentration} = \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution}}$$

What characterizes a dilute solution?

A dilute solution has a low concentration where the amount of solute in a solvent is small.

What characterizes a concentrated solution?

A concentrated solution has a high concentration where the amount of solute in a solvent is large.

What is a saturated solution?

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a certain temperature and pressure.

What happens if more solvent is added to a saturated solution?

It will settle at the bottom.

What is a supersaturated solution?

A supersaturated solution contains more solute than is normally possible.

What are the steps to prepare a supersaturated solution?

Bring a saturated solution to a higher temperature, heat it, and add more solute to it.

What happens if a supersaturated solution is cooled and then shaken or a crystal is added?

Crystals will form.

How is solubility defined?

Solubility is the ability of a solute to be dissolved in a solvent at a certain temperature and pressure.

How does temperature affect the solubility of solid solutes?

As temperature increases, solubility increases (e.g., sugar dissolves faster in hot water).

How does temperature affect the solubility of gaseous solutes?

As temperature increases, solubility decreases (e.g., soda loses its fizz when warm).

What is the effect of pressure on the solubility of solids versus gases?

Pressure does not affect the solubility of solid solutes, but as pressure increases, the solubility of gaseous solutes increases.

What are three ways to speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in a solvent?

1. Heating the solution, 2. Stirring the solution, 3. Crushing the solid (using powder instead of cubes).