Era of Good Feelings, James Monroe, Cultural and Economic Nationalism, Western Expansion, Slavery, Foreign Affairs, Population and Economy Changes

Era of Good Feelings

Term used to describe James Monroe's two terms as President

American nationalism

Growing sense of Americans as separate from Europeans

Political unity

Period of political unity after the end of the Federalist Party

James Monroe

Fought in the Revolution, Jefferson's minister to Britain and Madison's Secretary of State

Virginia Dynasty

Four of the first five Presidents were from Virginia

Acquisition of Florida

James Monroe was President during the acquisition of Florida

Missouri Compromise

Compromise that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state

Monroe Doctrine

Statement warning European powers against American colonization

Cultural nationalism

Growing sense of American culture versus borrowing European culture

Hudson River School

American art movement that painted American landscapes

Nathaniel Currier & James Merritt Ives

American artists known for their prints and lithographs

Washington Irving

American author known for The Legend of Sleepy Hollow & Rip Van Winkle

James Fennimore Cooper

American author known for Last of the Mohicans & Leatherstocking Tales

Transcendentalists

Group of American writers including Emerson, Thoreau, and Whitman

Nathaniel Hawthorne

American author known for The Scarlet Letter

Edgar Allen Poe

American poet and fiction writer

Herman Melville

American author known for Moby Dick

Alexis Tocqueville

French nobleman who wrote Democracy in America

Tariff of 1816

First US protective tariff to protect US manufacturers

American System

Henry Clay's proposal for protective tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements

John Marshall

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who consistently favored the central government

Marbury v. Madison

Supreme Court case that established judicial review

Fletcher v. Peck

Supreme Court case that ruled a state law unconstitutional

Martin v. Hunter's Lease

Supreme Court case that established Supreme Court jurisdiction over state courts

Dartmouth v. Woodard

Supreme Court case that protected property rights

MucClloch v. Maryland

Supreme Court case that ruled in favor of the federal government's power

Cohens v. Virginia

Supreme Court case that established the power of the Supreme Court to review state court rulings

Gibbons v. Ogden

Supreme Court case that established federal control over interstate commerce

Westward migration

Population west of the Appalachian Mountains doubled after the War of 1812

Soil exhaustion

Reason for westward migration as tobacco planters moved to Alabama, Mississippi, and Arkansas

Transportation improvements

Roads, steamboats, canals, and railroads facilitated westward migration

Immigration

European immigrants moved to America in search of cheap land

Sectional conflict

Conflict arising from the Missouri Compromise and the balance of free and slave states

Foreign affairs

US foreign policy became more nationalistic and aggressive

Rush-Bagot Agreement

Agreement limiting the size of navies on the Great Lakes

Treaty of 1818

Treaty that shared fishing rights and set boundaries between the US and Canada

Adams-Onis Treaty

Treaty in which Spain ceded Florida to the US

Monroe Doctrine

Statement warning European powers against American colonization

Population growth

US population doubled between 1800 and 1825

Northeast economy

Shifted from agriculture to manufacturing in the early 1800s

Eli Whitney

Inventor of the cotton gin and interchangeable parts

Corporations

Laws made it easier to form corporations and raise capital

Samuel Slater

British immigrant who helped build the first US factory

Lowell system

Recruited young farm women for factory labor in Lowell, Massachusetts

Cotton gin

Invention that transformed cotton into the principle cash crop of the South

Slave population

Increased 400% after the invention of the cotton gin