Intellectual Disability Flashcards

Flashcards on Intellectual Disability

Intellectual Disability (ID)

A neurodevelopmental disability characterized by significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, deficits in adaptive behavior, and manifested during the developmental period.

Adaptive Behavior

Skills needed to function independently at home, school, work, and in the community.

Intellectual Functioning

The ability to reason, plan, problem solve, learn, comprehend, and think abstractly.

Low IQ

A score of 70 or less on an intelligence test, indicating subaverage general intellectual functioning.

Self-Care

Skills related to personal hygiene.

Communication (Adaptive Behavior)

Skills related to verbal, written, and listening comprehension or language.

Health & Safety (Adaptive Behavior)

Awareness and avoidance of dangerous situations; advocating for health and safety.

Social Skills (Adaptive Behavior)

Interacting with others and understanding expected social behaviors, cues, and manners.

Home Living (Adaptive Behavior)

Ability to complete daily tasks and chores without supervision.

Community Use (Adaptive Behavior)

Following rules and demonstrating appropriate behavior per the environment.

Functional Academics (Adaptive Behavior)

Academic skills used for the rest of the student’s life, such as writing a signature and counting money.

Work (Adaptive Behavior)

Adapting to different methods and environments to perform work duties and collaborating with coworkers.

Leisure (Adaptive Behavior)

Using free time appropriately, such as following rules and taking turns while playing games.

Self-Direction (Adaptive Behavior)

Ability to plan, organize, and work on tasks independently and self-correct behavior.

Fragile X Syndrome

Syndrome caused by a mutation on the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome

Down Syndrome

Chromosomal disorder

Task Analysis

Breaking each task into smaller, more manageable steps.

Priming

Familiarizing a student with material prior to whole-group instruction.

Generalizing Information

The ability to apply learning in different situations based on what has previously been taught.

Transferring Information

The ability to apply learning to new situations.