HIST 213: exam 2

economic nationalism

ideology that prioritizes state intervention in the economy, including policies like domestic control and the use of tariffs and restrictions on labor, goods, and capital movement.

mestizaje

the biological and cultural blending of indigenous and european societies

salvador allende

a Chilean socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 1970 until his death in 1973. As a socialist committed to democracy, he has been described as the first Marxist to be elected president in a liberal democracy in Latin America.

coup in 1973 .

populism

range of political stances that emphasize the idea of the common 'people' and often position this group in opposition to a perceived 'elite'.

samba

a quick and lively Afro-Brazilian music form. It utilizes African drumming techniques and folk rhythms, polyrhythms, and combination of various Latin American instruments.

cuban revolution

led by Fidel Castro and his 26th of July Movement, overthrew the U.S.-backed dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959, establishing a socialist state in Cuba and leading to significant changes in the island's political, social, and economic landscape. 

getulio vargas

the Dictator, was a Brazilian lawyer and politician who served as the 14th and 17th president of Brazil, from 1930 to 1945 and from 1951 until his suicide in 1954.

alliance for progress

a 10-year plan proposed by President John F. Kennedy in 1961 to foster economic cooperation between North and South America, particularly aimed at countering the perceived communist threat from Cuba.

tango

Distinctive dance and the corresponding musical style of a specific type of music began in the brothals of Buenos Aires (Argentina)

school for the americas

The School for the Americas (SOA), established in 1946, is a controversial U.S. military training institution located at Fort Benning, Georgia. Its mission was to provide training to Latin American military personnel in various subjects such as counterinsurgency, military tactics and civil-military relations. The SOA has been criticized for its role in training soldiers who have been linked to human rights abuses in their home countries.

jacobo arbenz

a Guatemalan military officer and politician who served as the 25th president of Guatemala. He was Minister of National Defense from 1944 to 1950, before he became the second democratically elected President of Guatemala, from 1951 to 1954.

eva paron

an Argentine politician, activist, actress, and philanthropist who served as First Lady of Argentina from June 1946 until her death in July 1952, as the wife of Argentine President Juan Perón.

fidel castro

a Cuban nationalist, he also served as the first secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 1965 until 2011. Under his administration, Cuba became a one-party communist state; industry and business were nationalized, and socialist reforms were implemented throughout society.

cultural nationalism

a form of nationalism that emphasizes the importance of ethnicity, language, religion, and culture in defining a nation's identity and unity

lazaro cardenas

a Mexican army officer and politician who served as president of Mexico from 1934 to 1940. Previously, he served as a general in the Constitutional Army during the Mexican Revolution and as Governor of Michoacán and President of the Institutional Revolutionary Party