States of Matter + Properties

What state of matter has a fixed volume and fixed shape?

Solid

What characterizes solids?

Particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place

What state of matter has fixed volume but no fixed shape?

Liquid

What characterizes liquids?

Particles are close together but can move past each other

What state of matter takes the shape and volume of its container?

Gas

What characterizes gases?

Particles are far apart and move freely

What is plasma?

Ionized gas with free electrons and ions; conducts electricity

What is a physical property?

A characteristic observed without changing the substance

Give examples of physical properties

Color, density, melting point

What is a chemical property?

A characteristic that describes how a substance changes into a new substance

Give examples of chemical properties

Flammability, reactivity

What is an extensive property?

Depends on amount of matter

Give an example of an extensive property

Mass, volume

What is an intensive property?

Does not depend on amount of matter

Give an example of an intensive property

Density, boiling point

What is a physical change?

Change in appearance without forming a new substance

Give an example of a physical change

Melting, freezing, cutting

What is a chemical change?

Change that forms a new substance

Give an example of a chemical change

Rusting, burning