Final Review Flashcards

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to health, disease processes, diagnostic imaging, and other medical concepts.

Airborne Diseases

Diseases that spread by airborne transmission and can float in air for a long time (examples: TB, Measles, Shingles).

Nosocomial Infections

Hospital-acquired infections contracted as a result of medical treatment, such as contaminated surfaces or blood transfusions.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

A non-ionizing imaging technique that produces detailed images of organs and tissues.

Malignant Neoplasm

A neoplasm that is also known as cancer and has the ability to invade neighboring tissues and metastasize.

Biopsy

A medical procedure in which tissue is removed from the body for examination; often guided by ultrasound.

Acute vs Chronic

Acute refers to sudden onset; chronic refers to a condition persisting for a long time or constantly recurring.

Autoimmune Diseases

Diseases where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues (examples: Rheumatoid arthritis, Lupus).

Congenital Diseases

Diseases existing at birth due to hereditary factors or influences during gestation.

Anencephaly

A congenital disorder where a major part of the brain is absent.

Heat Stroke

A severe heat-related illness that occurs when the body overheats; symptoms include altered mental state and rapid breathing.

Inflammation

A biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, including pathogens or damaged cells.

Thrombocytes

Platelets in the blood that are essential for blood clotting.

Hemoglobin

A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Fluid Collection

Accumulative fluids in a body cavity, which can be seromas, hematomas, or lymphoceles.

Gallbladder

An organ that stores and concentrates bile, aiding in fat digestion.

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder, often due to gallstones.

Renal Transplant

A surgical procedure to place a healthy kidney from a living or deceased donor into a patient.

Pancreatic Enzymes

Enzymes produced by the pancreas that help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Neoplasm

An abnormal growth of tissue, which may form a mass and can be benign or malignant.

Diagnosis

The identification of the nature of an illness or other problem through examination.

Metastasis

The spread of cancer cells from the original tumor to distant sites in the body.

Echogenicity

The ability of tissues to reflect ultrasound waves, which is used to differentiate between normal and abnormal structures.