Genetic Engineering

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to genetic engineering, its processes, applications, and implications.

Genetic Engineering

The manipulation and alteration of genes to create desired changes in organisms.

Recombinant DNA

Altered DNA that is joined to other unrelated DNA in an organism.

Transgenic Organisms

Organisms whose genetic material has been altered by genetic engineering.

Gene Splicing

The process of removing segments of a gene and replacing them with different genes.

Isolation

The first stage in genetic engineering, where a specific gene is extracted from donor DNA.

Transformation

The process of introducing recombinant DNA into a bacterial cell.

Expression

The process of getting an organism to produce a desired protein from recombinant DNA.

Pharming

A technique where genetically modified animals are used to produce human proteins.

Xenotransplantation

The transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another.

Gene Therapy

The modification of human DNA to repair or replace faulty genes.

GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)

An organism whose genetic material has been altered through genetic engineering.

Applications of Genetic Engineering

Includes gene therapy, vaccines, and the production of insulin and other proteins.

Weedkiller Resistant Crops

Crops that are engineered to survive when exposed to specific herbicides.

Golden Rice

A genetically modified rice that contains added vitamin A to help combat deficiency.

Gene Transfer

The process of moving a gene from one organism to another.

Diagnostic Tests

Tests that use genetically engineered proteins for the detection of diseases.