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Describe what the cell cycle is (the cell cycle is…)

The cell cycle is the series of stages a cell goes through to grow and divide

Explain the purpose of the cell cycle (the purpose is…)

The purpose is to produce new cells for growth

Describe what happens during the growth phase (during growth…)

During growth the cell increases in size and produces more organelles and proteins

Explain what DNA replication is (DNA replication is…)

DNA replication is the process where the cell makes an identical copy of its DNA before division

Describe why DNA must be copied before mitosis (it must be copied because…)

It must be copied because each new cell needs a full set of genetic information

Describe what mitosis is (mitosis is…)

Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells

Explain the purpose of mitosis (mitosis is needed because…)

Mitosis is needed because it allows organisms to grow and repair damaged tissues

Describe what happens in prophase (in prophase…)

In prophase chromosomes condense

Describe what happens in metaphase (in metaphase…)

In metaphase chromosomes line up across the centre of the cell

Describe what happens in anaphase (in anaphase…)

In anaphase sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell

Describe what happens in telophase (in telophase…)

In telophase new nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes

Explain what cytokinesis is (cytokinesis is…)

Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm to form two separate cells

Describe the cells produced by mitosis (mitosis produces…)

Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid daughter cells

Explain why mitosis produces identical cells (they are identical because…)

They are identical because the DNA was copied exactly during replication

Describe where mitosis occurs in the body (mitosis occurs in…)

Mitosis occurs in all body cells except gametes

Explain what uncontrolled cell division can lead to (uncontrolled division can cause…)

Uncontrolled division can cause tumours and cancer

Describe the difference between benign and malignant tumours (benign tumours are…

malignant tumours are…)

Explain what a stem cell is (a stem cell is…)

A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can divide and specialise into different cell types

Describe where embryonic stem cells come from (they come from…)

They come from early embryos and can become almost any type of cell

Describe where adult stem cells are found (adult stem cells are found in…)

Adult stem cells are found in bone marrow and can form a limited range of cells

Explain one medical use of stem cells (stem cells can be used to…)

Stem cells can be used to replace damaged cells such as in spinal injuries or diabetes

Describe one risk of using stem cells (a risk is…)

A risk is that stem cells may divide uncontrollably or be rejected by the patient

Explain why some people object to embryonic stem cells (they object because…)

They object because using embryos raises ethical concerns about potential life