textiles III part two

warp beam

during a weaving demonstration, you notice a large roll at the back of the loom holding all the lengthwise yarns under tension. what part is this?

harnesses

a designer wants to create a geometric weave pattern by controlling which warp threads lift or lower. what loom part makes that possible?

heddle

q: if a single warp yarn breaks, which small wire or cord does it likely run through?

reed

q: the weaver adjusts a comb-like frame that keeps yarns evenly spaced and packs the weft tightly. what is this part called?

shuttle

q: when a tool carrying the weft yarn slides back and forth through the shed, what is that tool called?

cloth beam

q: as fabric finishes weaving, it winds onto a roll at the front of the loom. what part collects it?

shed

q: when the warp threads lift and lower to form a tunnel for the shuttle, what is that opening called?

pick

q: a weaver inserts one crosswise yarn across the warp — what single action is this called?

beat

q: after each pick, the weaver uses the reed to push the yarn tightly into place — what is this motion?

take-up

q: as fabric builds up, it needs to be wound onto the front beam. what process ensures this happens evenly?

warp yarns

q: you’re testing a woven sample — one set of yarns runs lengthwise and is strong and taut. what are these?

weft yarns

q: you pull on the yarns that go across the width and feel they stretch more easily. what are these?

lengthwise grain

q: a dress hangs evenly because it’s cut parallel to the warp. which grain is this?

crosswise grain

q: a shirt sleeve stretches slightly across the body — what grain direction is it cut on?

bias grain

q: bias tape used for curves has the most stretch because it’s cut on which grain? 45° angle

bow

q: a bolt of fabric shows curved weft threads instead of straight ones — what off-grain problem is this?

skew

q: if the weft yarns slant diagonally from one selvage to the other, what is that defect called?

80 warp / 76 weft per inch.

q: a label reads “fabric count 80 × 76.” what does that mean?

balanced 1:1

q: when a fabric has the same number of warp and weft yarns per inch, what’s its balance?

unbalanced 2:1

q: a fabric with twice as many warp yarns as weft yarns would be described as what?

plain weave

q: you’re examining a cotton muslin where each weft goes over one and under one warp. what weave is this?

twill weave

q: jeans show diagonal ridges running from lower left to upper right. what weave makes that pattern?

satin weave

q: a shiny, smooth bridal fabric with long floats on the surface is what weave type?

half/full-basket weave

q: oxford cloth has a basket-like texture because two yarns act as one in the weave. what kind is it? (depending on both directions)

unbalanced plain weave

q: taffeta feels crisp and slightly ribbed because of unequal yarns per inch. what does that make it?

difference between satin and sateen

satin: warp-faced, shiny, filament yarns

sateen: weft-faced, softer, spun yarns

dobby weave

q: a towel fabric has tiny raised dots in a repeating pattern. what type of weave creates these small geometric designs?

jacquard weave

q: a tapestry wall hanging shows a large scenic pattern woven directly into the fabric. what weave made it?

leno weave

q: a sheer curtain fabric has an open, twisted mesh structure. what weave is that? marquisette

double cloth/double weave

q: you’re shown a reversible wool fabric with two layers woven together — what is it?

matelasse

q: a decorative bedspread looks quilted but isn’t stitched. what fancy weave gives that raised look?

corduroy

q: a soft cotton fabric with vertical ribs is examined — what is it called?

crushed pile velvet

q: a velvet with an uneven, shiny surface used in eveningwear — what is it?

terrycloth/uncut loop pile

q: towels have absorbent loops on the surface. what weave type is that?

tufted pile fabric

q: you test a carpet with yarn loops stitched into a base — what fabric type is it?

seersucker

q: a summer fabric with puckered stripes created by slack tension is what?

wales

q: in a knit sample, you see vertical columns of loops — what are these called?

courses

q: the horizontal rows of loops in a knit are known as what?

weft knit

q: a stretchy t-shirt made from a single set of interlooping yarns horizontally is what type of knit?

warp knit

q: swimsuit fabric that doesn’t unravel when cut is made by which knitting method?

jersey knit

q: a fabric with a smooth front and a fuzzy back, like a t-shirt, is what knit?

rib knit

q: a cuff that stretches evenly and looks identical on both sides is made from what knit?

purl knit

q: a baby blanket knit that’s soft, thick, and looks the same on both sides is what?