Acids and Bases

Flashcards about Acids and Bases

Acidic Solution

A solution containing hydronium ions.

Basic Solution

A solution that has a larger [OH-] than [H3O+].

Strong Acid

An acid that completely ionizes/dissociates in water.

Acid Ionization Constant (Ka)

The equilibrium constant for the ionization reaction of an acid with water.

Polyprotic Acids

Acids that can release more than one H+.

Weak Acid

An acid that only partially ionizes in water.

Base Ionization Constant (Kb)

The equilibrium constant for the ionization reaction of a base with water

Weak Bases

Bases that only partially ionize in water.

Neutralization Reaction

Acids and bases in aqueous solution react to each other, and form water and a salt.

Titration

A procedure for the quantitative analysis of a substance of unknown concentration whereby a measured quantity of another substance, of known concentration, is completely reacted with the with the original substance.

Equivalence Point

The point in a titration at which one reactant has been exactly consumed by the addition of another reactant.

Acid-Base Indicator

A chemical that changes color with a change in pH.

Write the formula to calculate Ka

HA + H2O = A + H3O+

What is Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)?

A strong acid that is commonly used in metal cleaning, food preparation, and as a component of stomach acid.

A strong base used in petroleum processing, soap, and plastic manufacturing.

What is Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)?

A weak base used in detergent, fertilizer, explosives manufacturing, and synthetic fiber production.

What is Ammonia (NH3)?

Hydronium Ion

What is H3O+?

Ion Product Constant for Water

What is Kw?

Write the formula to calculate Kb

What is NH3 + H₂O ⇒ OH⁻ + NH₄⁺?

Electrolyte

What is a solute separates into ions when dissolved in water (they're soluble)?