W.3.1 Thorax

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54 Terms

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Suprapleural membranes
The roof of the thorax.
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Vertebral bodies
The posterior boundary of the thorax.
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Costal cartilages
The anterior boundary of the thorax.
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Ribs 1-7
Attached to the sternum via their own costal cartilage.
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Ribs 8-10
Attach to the sternum by hitchhiking with the 7th costal cartilage.
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Ribs 11-12
No anterior articulation.
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Typical ribs (3-10)
Have a head that articulates with the vertebrae.
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Costal groove
A channel along the inferior surface of the rib.
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Grooves for subclavian a. & v.
Found on atypical ribs.
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Tuberosity for serratus anterior
Atypical ribs possess this tuberosity.
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Single facet on head
Only found on ribs 1, 11, and 12 which articulate directly with one vertebral body.
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Costochondral joint
Joint formed between the costal cartilage and the rib.
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Costotransverse joint
Joint formed between rib tubercle and transverse process of the vertebra.
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Potential space
The pleural cavity is an example of this.
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Pleural fluid
Lining inside the pleural cavity provides surface tension.
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Mediastinum
Space between the lungs that contains heart and major vessels.
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Pleura
Membranes surrounding the lungs.
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Visceral pleura
Sticks to parietal pleura via surface tension.
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Inspiration
The phase of breathing in.
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Expiration
The phase of breathing out.
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Quiet respiration
A passive process involving elastic recoil.
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Forced respiration
An active process involving muscle contraction.
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Thoracic diaphragm
Muscle responsible for respiration.
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Central tendon
Part of the diaphragm that centralizes muscle action.
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Aortic hiatus
Opening in the diaphragm for the aorta.
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Oesophageal hiatus
Opening in the diaphragm for the esophagus.
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Caval opening
Opening in the diaphragm for the inferior vena cava.
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Intercostal muscles
Muscles located between the ribs.
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Elevates ribs
Function of the diaphragm during inspiration.
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Passive Inspiration
Process where air is drawn into lungs without muscle contraction.
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Force inspiration
Muscle activity increases thoracic volume.
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Rib movements
Describe the action of ribs during breathing.
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Intercostal neurovascular bundle
Contains intercostal vein, artery, and nerve.
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Splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm
Forms the gut tube and is innervated by primitive gut.
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Somatic lateral plate mesoderm
Forms the body wall and is associated with surface ectoderm.
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Intercostal nerve
Innervates the outer edges of the diaphragm.
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Demifacets
Characteristics of rib articulations with vertebrae.
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Costocorporeal joint
Joint formed by the head of a rib with vertebral body.
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Cap for costal cartilage
Protective feature absent in atypical ribs.
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Short ribs
Ribs 11 and 12, which lack neck or tubercle.
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Pleural cavity
An open space that contains the lungs.
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Intra-articular ligament
Ligament present in the articulation of ribs.
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Costal margin
Lower border of the rib cage.
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Elevation and depression
Axis of movement for rib rotation.
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Active muscle contraction
Critical for forced respiration.
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Serous membranes
Thin membranes that line body cavities.
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Abdominal cavity
Cavity containing digestive organs.
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Pelvic cavity
Cavity containing reproductive organs.
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Surface tension
Property of pleural fluid vital for lung expansion.
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-C3, 4, 5: Keep the diaphragm alive
Mnemonic for diaphragm innervation.
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Spinal nerves
Provide sensation and motor function to the thoracic region.
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Costal articulation
The way ribs attach to vertebrae and the sternum.
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Axis of rotation
Pivot point for rib movement during respiration.
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Thorax anatomical overview
General reference to the structure encompassing ribs and respiratory system.