PMOC: Antiviral Agents

Virus

• Smallest of all microorganisms

• Obligate intracellular parasites

• Contain either a DNA or RNA

Viral Infectious Process (APRAR)

• Attachment

• Penetration

• Replication

• Assembly

• Release

Antiviral Agents

• Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase

• Anti-influenza Agents

• Antiretroviral Agents (HIV)

Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase | Acyclovir

• Analog: Guanosine

• DOC: Genital Herpes

• Treatment: Chickenpox & Shingles

Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase | Ganiciclovir

• Analog: Acyclovir

• DOC: CMV Retinitis

Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase | Foscarnet

• Analog: Pyrophosphate

• Treatment: Herpes Virus

• Combines with antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV

Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase | Idoxuridine

• Analog: Thymidine

• Treatment: Herpes Simplex Keratitis

Anti-Influenza Agents | Amantadine and Rimantadine

• MOA: Interfere penetration with the action of M2 protein

• Prophylaxis of Influenza A

• Amantadine: Also an anti/

Anti-Influenza Agents | Zanamivir and Oseltamivir

• MOA: Inhibits neuraminidase

• Treatment and prophylaxis of Influenza A and B

Anti-Influenza Agents | Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI)

• Zidovudine

• Zalcitabine

• Didanosine

• Lamivudine

• Tenofovir

• Abacavir

• Emtrivitabine

Anti-Influenza Agents | Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTI)

• Nevirapine

• Efavirenz

• Delavirdine

• Etravirine

• S/E → Rashes

Anti-Influenza Agents | Protease Inhibitors

• Saquinavir

• Ritonavir

• Indinavir

• S/E: Hyperglycemia, Dyslipidemia, Buffalo Hump

Anti-Influenza Agents | Integrase Inhibitors

• Raltegravir

• Dolutegravie

Anti-Influenza Agents | HIV Entry Inhibitors

• Maraviroc: Chemokine receptor binder

• Enfuvirtide: GP4 I Fusion inhibitor