Flashcards for Chapter 15: The Temporal Lobes and Networks

These flashcards cover vocabulary and key concepts related to the temporal lobes and their functions, as outlined in Chapter 15 of the course material.

Temporal Lobe

A region of the brain involved in processing auditory information and is important for memory.

Sylvian Fissure

A deep groove in the brain separating the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes.

Auditory Cortex

A region of the temporal lobe responsible for processing sounds.

Heschl's Gyrus

Part of the auditory cortex where sound frequency is interpreted.

Tonotopic Organization

The spatial arrangement of where sounds of different frequency are processed in the brain.

Inferotemporal Cortex

Involved in visual object recognition including faces.

Limbic Cortex

Part of the brain involved in emotional responses and memory.

Corpus Callosum

A band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Hippocampus

A brain region crucial for the formation of new memories.

Bilateral Auditory Processing

The ability to process sounds using both hemispheres of the brain.

Visual Object Recognition

The ability to identify objects through visual perception.

Frequency

The rate at which sound waves vibrate, affecting pitch in auditory perception.

Dorsal Pathway

The neural pathway that processes where objects are located in space.

Ventral Pathway

The neural pathway that processes what objects are.

Pitch

The perceived frequency of a sound; how high or low it sounds.

Loudness

The perceived intensity of a sound, determined by the amplitude of sound waves.

Timbre

The quality of a sound that distinguishes different types of sound production.

Caudate Nucleus

A subcortical structure involved in various aspects of movement and cognition.

Insula

A region of the brain associated with consciousness and diverse functions including emotion.

Amygdala

A brain structure involved in processing emotions.

Frontal Lobe

The part of the brain associated with reasoning, planning, and problem-solving.

Parietal Lobe

The part of the brain that processes sensory information.

Occipital Lobe

The part of the brain that is primarily responsible for vision.

Spiral Ganglion

A collection of nerve cells that transmit auditory information from the inner ear to the brain.

Fornix

A c-shaped bundle of nerve fibers in the brain.

Red Nucleus

A structure in the midbrain involved in motor control.

Substantia Nigra

A brain structure involved in reward, addiction, and movement.

Thalamus

A brain region that acts as a relay station for sensory information.

Inferior Horn

A part of the lateral ventricle in the brain.

Choroid Plexus

A network of cells that produces cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.

Lateral Ventricle

A cavity in the brain that contains cerebrospinal fluid.

Musicianship

The skills and abilities associated with being a musician.

Spectral-pitch Listeners

Individuals who interpret pitch based on the spectrum of sound frequencies.

Formant

A concentration of acoustic energy around a particular frequency in the speech wave.

Auditory Processing

The ability of the brain to recognize and interpret sounds.

Insular Cortex

Part of the brain involved in functions related to emotion and homeostasis.

Temporal-Parietal Junction

The area of the brain integrating auditory and visual information.

Extended System for Face Perception

Neural processing that includes additional systems for understanding facial identity and emotions.

Core System for Face Perception

The basic neural pathways involved in recognizing facial features.