Hematology Introduction & Cell Identification

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Last updated 4:48 AM on 9/8/26

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11 Terms

1

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Hematology

science of blood and blood-forming tissues
Study: predict, detect, and diagnose disease
Practical skills: staining, counting, analyzing, determining genotype and phenotypes

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Blood Function

Transport
Gas exchange (RBCs)
Immunological support (WBCs)
Coagulation (platelets)

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Blood Cell Identification

Based on 3 things:
- Nucleus: color, character (chromatin, shape, nucleoli), and amount
- Cytoplasm: color, character (shape), amount
- Granules: color, character (size), number

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RBC Identification

6-8 μm
Biconcave disk
Nucleus: none
Cytoplasm: reddish-pink, area of central pallor
Granules: none

<ul><li><p>6-8 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Biconcave disk</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: none</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: reddish-pink, area of central pallor</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Granules: none</span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Platelet Identification

2-4 μm
Round/elliptical
Nucleus: none
Cytoplasm: clear to light blue (may not be visible)
Granules: fine, azurophilic (dark purple), aggregated in centre

<ul><li><p>2-4 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Round/elliptical</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: none</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: clear to light blue (may not be visible)</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Granules: fine, azurophilic (dark purple), aggregated in centre</span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Neutrophil Identification

most abundant WBC
12-17 μm
Nucleus: 3-5 lobes, chromatin is clumped and coarse, darkly stained
Cytoplasm: light pink
Granules: lavender, fine, numerous, & evenly distributed

<ul><li><p>most abundant WBC</p></li><li><p>12-17 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: 3-5 lobes, chromatin is clumped and coarse, darkly stained</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: light pink</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Granules: lavender, fine, numerous, & evenly distributed</span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Eosinophil Identifcation

12-17 μm
Nucleus: 2 lobes, condensed chromatin
Cytoplasm: light pink, obscured by granules
Granules: orange-red, large, spherical, uniform size, evenly distributed

<ul><li><p>12-17 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: 2 lobes, condensed chromatin</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: light pink, obscured by granules</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Granules: orange-red, large, spherical, uniform size, evenly distributed</span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Basophil Identification

12-17 μm
Nucleus: lobulated, often obscured by granules, coarse chromatin
Cytoplasm: light pink, obscured by granules
Granules: blue/black, large, abundant, prominent

<ul><li><p>12-17 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: lobulated, often obscured by granules, coarse chromatin</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: light pink, obscured by granules</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Granules: blue/black, large, abundant, prominent</span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Large Lymphocyte Identification

14-20 μm
Irregular shape
Nucleus: round or slightly indented, flat, dense chromatin
Cytoplasm: clear or pale blue, can be indented by RBC
Granules: few irregularly distributed purple medium granules

<ul><li><p>14-20 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Irregular shape</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: round or slightly indented, flat, dense chromatin</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: clear or pale blue, can be indented by RBC</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Granules: few irregularly distributed purple medium granules</span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Small Lymphocyte Identification

7-10 μm
Shape: round
Nucleus: round, oval, or notched; darkly stained with clumped chromatin
Cytoplasm: small rim of light blue
Granules: usually none

<ul><li><p>7-10 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Shape: round</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: round, oval, or notched; darkly stained with clumped chromatin</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: small rim of light blue</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Granules: usually none</span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Monocyte Identification

15-20 μm
Irregular shape
Nucleus: irregular, lacey / delicate chromatin
Cytoplasm: abundant, opaque, grey-blue, often vacuolated
Granules: many, fine, azurophilic or lilac

<ul><li><p>15-20 <span style="background-color: transparent;">μm</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Irregular shape</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nucleus: irregular, lacey / delicate chromatin</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Cytoplasm: abundant, opaque, grey-blue, often vacuolated</span></p></li><li><p>Granules: many, fine, azurophilic or lilac</p></li></ul><p></p>