Exam 2- Math 210

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48 Terms

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Addition: Combine Scenario

2 collections of objects are combined

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subtraction: take away scenario

objects are removed from a group

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subtraction: missing addend scenario

additional objects are needed to reach a desired total

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subtraction: comparison scenario

one group is matched against another

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multiplication: repeated addition scenario

groups of identical size are combined

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multiplication: array/area scenario

a grid or rectangle is created

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multiplication: cartesian product scenario

different types of items are “mixed and matched”

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division- repeated subtraction scenario

objects are separated into groups of known size

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Division- Partitioning scenario:

objects are separated into a known number of groups

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What scenario is this? Jeff has 8 apples and Carrie has 6. How many do they have together?

addition: combine scenario

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What scenario is this? Jeff had 5 apples and gave Carrie 2. How many does he have left?

Subtraction: Take-away scenario

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What scenario is this? Carrie has 2 apples and needs 5 for a recipe. How many more does she need?

Subtraction: Missing Addend Scenario

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What scenario is this? Carrie has 5 apples and Jeff has 2. How many more does she have than he does?

Subtraction: Comparison scenario

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What scenario is this? Shawn has 4 bags of 6 marbles. How many marbles does he have altogether?

Multiplication: Repeated addition scenario

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What scenario is this? Belinda’s classroom has 6 rows of 4 desks. How many desks are there altogether?

Multiplication: Array/Area Scenario

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What scenario is this? Belinda has 6 blouses and 4 skirts that go together. How many different outfits can she make?

Multiplication: Cartesian Product scenario

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What scenario is this? Shawn has 12 cookies to put into bags of 3. How many bags can he make?

Division: Repeated subtraction scenario

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What scenario is this? Shawn has 12 cookies to give to 3 friends. How many will each friend get?

Division: Partitioning Scenario

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Algorithms

step by step process for doing something

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For repeated subtraction, what two things are the same kind?

dividend and divisor

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For partitioning scenario, what two things are the same kind?

dividend and quotient

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manipulatives

physical objets we can handle and move to act out/represent math processes

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What are the three main types of manipulatives for working with place value?

1) Concrete: see physical trades- base 10 blocks

2) Abacus (representational)

3) Place value card- blank piece of paper with columns representing each place value

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Algorithms for adding whole #s

standard, scratch, base 10 blocks, place value cards

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Algorithms for subtracting whole #s

standard and balancing (equal addends)

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Algorithms for multiplication

standard, area model, lattice, partial products

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scenario

setting/context

-for word problem that helps child choose whether to add or subtract or divide or multiply with the numbers they see

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numeration system

set of rules for how to write #s (numerals)

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state what key features hindu arabic has

10 digits

uses place value

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number

idea of how many

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numeral

how we write a number

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place value

means where a digit occurs in an numeral-offsets how much it is worth

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base ten

digit to the left is worth 10x as much to the right

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egyptian numeration key features

7 digits

uses a variation of base 10

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Egyptian numeral for one

| :staff

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Egyptian numeral for ten

n: heel bone

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Egyptian numeral for hundred

scroll

<p>scroll </p>
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Egyptian numeral for thousands

lotus flower

<p>lotus flower</p>
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Egyptian numeral for ten thousand

pointing finger

<p>pointing finger</p>
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Egyptian numeral for hundred thousand

tadpole

<p>tadpole</p>
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Egyptian numeral for million

astonished person

<p>astonished person</p>
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x-2y=8 is what

equation

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3-5+7=5 is what

number sentence

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3-5+7 is what

expression

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an equality does what

gives an answers

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an equation does what

gives an answer and uses variables

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a number sentence does what

gives an answer and only shows numbers

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an expression does what

not show an answer